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. 2020 Oct 14;10:17300. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-74179-6

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Single cytokine stimulation can stimulate protein production. The effect of TGF-β, PDGF or IL-6 (with sIL-6R) on protein production in healthy dermal fibroblasts. (a–d) Protein levels measured in the supernatant. (a) Fibronectin levels over time. (b) Type I collagen formation over time. (c) Type III collagen formation over time. (d) Type IV collagen formation over time. (e) Staining of αSMA and type I, III, and VI collagen at the bottom of the well. Four technical replicates were used to assess protein levels over time. Data are shown as mean ± SD. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test⁵⁴. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.