Table 1.

Primer sequences used for real-time PCR

Gene	Forward primer	Reverse primer	Product Length (base pairs)	Location
GAPDH NM_002046.5	AAGACCTTGGGCTGGGACTG	TGGCTCGGCTGGCGAC	168	6–173
Total PGC-1_α NM_013261.3	TGCTAAACGACTCCGAGAA	TGCAAAGTTCCCTCTCTGCT	67
Exon 1a NM_013261.4 Recently updated to NM_013261.5	ATGGAGTGACATCGAGTGTGCT	GAGTCCACCCAGAAAGCTGT	127	159–285
Exon 1b XM_011513766.1 XM_005248132.1	CTATGGATTCAATTTTGAAATGTGC	CTGATTGGTCACTGCACCAC	153	77–229

Exon 1a PGC-1α Exon 1a; Exon 1b PGC-1α Exon 1b