Table 4.
Estimated change-points in years from AD diagnosis and slopes in test units change per year. All estimates, standard errors, and p values are from bootstrapping
| Estimate (S.E.) | Change-point 1 | Change-point 2 | Slope 1 | Slope 2 | Slope 3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVLT-IMM | −11.65 (0.80) | −2.80 (0.78) | 0.23 (0.28) | −1.44 (0.25) | −3.74 (0.48) |
| p = 0.41 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | |||
| CVLT-LD | −7.58 (0.49) | −4.21 (0.33) | −0.080 (0.041) | −0.48 (0.13) | −1.00(0.091) |
| p = 0.051 | p = 0.0002 | p < 0.0001 | |||
| BVRT* | −4.83 (0.81) | NA | 0.36 (0.034) | 0.99 (0.12) | NA |
| p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | ||||
| TMT-A* | −1.90 (0.68) | NA | 0.59 (0.14) | 9.01 (3.12) | NA |
| p < 0.0001 | p = 0.0039 | ||||
| TMT-B* | −4.82 (0.73) | NA | 1.68 (0.42) | 11.86(2.21) | NA |
| p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | ||||
| Categories | −9.89 (0.90) | −3.17 (0.41) | −0.13 (0.035) | −0.34 (0.052) | −0.97 (0.095) |
| p = 0.0002 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | |||
| Letters | −10.03 (1.39) | −2.25 (0.91) | −0.010 (0.047) | −0.22 (0.058) | −0.69 (0.20) |
| p = 0.83 | p = 0.00016 | p = 0.00048 | |||
| BNT | −6.04 (0.74) | −1.51 (0.57) | −0.10(0.036) | −0.89 (0.17) | −2.06 (0.57) |
| p = 0.0043 | p < 0.0001 | p = 0.00033 | |||
| Similarities | −10.65 (1.24) | −1.72(0.53) | 0.038 (0.054) | −0.16(0.043) | −0.84 (0.23) |
| p = 0.48 | p = 0.00026 | p = 0.00019 | |||
| Card Rotation | −15.48 (1.72) | −4.33 (1.18) | 1.66 (1.59) | −1.38 (0.35) | −4.74 (1.08) |
| p = 0.30 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | |||
| MMSE | −9.13 (0.92) | −1.77 (0.44) | −0.038 (0.024) | −0.18(0.033) | −1.03 (0.15) |
| p = 0.11 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 |
*
These measures only had a single change-point. BNT, Boston Naming Test; BVRT, Benton Visual Retention Test; CVLT, California Verbal Learning Test; CVLT-IMM, CVLT immediate free recall; CVLT-LD, CVLT long delayed free recall; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; TMT-A, Trail-Making Test-A; TMT-B, Trail-Making Test-B; S.E., standard error.