Figure 1. Experimental conditions of Experiment 1 and predictions of the tested tactile localization hypotheses.

(A-B) Experimental procedure. (A) The arms moved from an uncrossed or crossed start posture to an uncrossed or crossed arm end posture. (B) Representative examples of TOJ trials showing the bimanual movement (gray, left hand; yellow, right hand) for the four combinations of uncrossed and crossed start and end postures, as well as the reach-to-point movement of the hand at which the first tactile stimulus was reported. (C) Illustation of a correct TOJ trial: the stimulus is assigned to the correct hand, which points to the correct location. Gray (yellow) traces illustrate the left (right) hand’s movement toward the body, here during a trial from an uncrossed start to an uncrossed end posture. The blue arrow indicates the movement of the correctly assigned hand toward the location of the first stimulus (cross). (D-F) Illustration of the three hypotheses that may account for TOJ errors. The red arrows indicate the movement of the incorrectly chosen hand. (D) Space-to-limb reconstruction hypothesis: participants point with the incorrect hand at the external location of the first stimulus. (E) Stimulus switch hypothesis: participants point with the incorrect hand at the external location of the second stimulus. (F) Time reconstruction hypothesis: participants point with the incorrect hand at the location at which that hand was at the time of the first stimulus.