Table 6.

TGF-β1 serum concentrations

Parameters	Healthy subjects (n = 32)	Subjects with cirrhosis without treatment (n = 31)	Subjects with fibrosis and treatment (n = 65)
TGF-β1 (30–60 pg/mL)	46.2 ± 2.5	99.6 ± 7.5a	61.8 ± 2.3a,b
IL-6 (30–60 pg/mL)*	3.9 ± 0.7	13.9 ± 1.7a	10.5 ± 1.04a,b
TNF-α (1.2–15.3 pg/mL)	8.7 ± 1.5	25.97 ± 2.3a	23.0 ± 1.06a
Endothelin-1 (1.2–15.3 pg/mL)	13.8 ± 2.2	22.1 ± 3.4a	17.8 ± 1.6a,b

Statistical significance was analyzed by a generalized linear model with maximum likelihood as method of estimation and Bonferroni test

^ap < 0.01 compared to healthy subjects

^bp < 0.05 compared to cirrhotic patients, non-treated with pirfenidone