Table 5.

Survivors: multivariable linear regression of association of initial stroke severity on deviation from population norm values of health-related quality of life (survivor ${\mathrm{\Delta }}_U$)

	Model 1		Model 2		Model 3 (main model)		Model 4 (sensitivity analysis)
	${\mathrm{\Delta }}_{U_{\text{3m}}}$	${\mathrm{\Delta }}_{U_{\text{12m}}}$	${\mathrm{\Delta }}_{U_{\text{3m}}}$	${\mathrm{\Delta }}_{U_{\text{12m}}}$	${\mathrm{\Delta }}_{U_{\text{3m}}}$	${\mathrm{\Delta }}_{U_{\text{12m}}}$	${\mathrm{\Delta }}_{U_{\text{3m}}}$	${\mathrm{\Delta }}_{U_{\text{12m}}}$
	Coefficient (SE)	Coefficient (SE)	Coefficient (SE)	Coefficient (SE)	Coefficient (SE)	Coefficient (SE)	Coefficient (SE)	Coefficient (SE)
n	368	383	368	383	314	319	224	247
Initial stroke severity, NIHSSa	− 0.032*** (0.004)	− 0.020*** (0.003)	− 0.031*** (0.004)	− 0.019*** (0.003)	− 0.014*** (0.004)	− 0.011*** (0.003)	0.004 (0.003)	− 0.001 (0.003)
Survivor age, years			− 0.003* (0.001)	− 0.002* (0.001)	0.000 (0.001)	− 0.002 (0.001)	0.000 (0.001)	0.001 (0.001)
Survivor female sex			− 0.050 (0.033)	− 0.026 (0.030)	− 0.106** (0.034)	0.011 (0.031)	− 0.017 (0.026)	0.037 (0.025)
Diagnosis
Transient ischaemic attack					Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.
Ischaemic stroke					− 0.064 (0.040)	− 0.029 (0.036)	0.000 (0.029)	0.030 (0.029)
Intracerebral haemorrhage					− 0.133* (0.066)	− 0.022 (0.063)	0.001 (0.052)	0.068 (0.050)
Discharge destination
Home or rehabilitation					Ref.	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.
Nursing home					− 0.426*** (0.051)	− 0.314*** (0.054)	− 0.090 (0.045)	− 0.149** (0.048)
Other					− 0.029 (0.093)	− 0.124 (0.077)	− 0.054 (0,066)	− 0.010 (0.055)
Caregiver health state valueb					0.205** (0.072)	0.277*** (0.067)	0.244** (0.080)	0.022 (0.069)
Survivor mRSb							− 0.150*** (0.015)	− 0.136*** (0.013)
Survivor anxiety scoreb							− 0.021*** (0.004)	− 0.015*** (0.004)
Survivor depression scoreb							− 0.004 (0.005)	− 0.011* (0.005)
Caregiver anxiety scoreb							− 0.001 (0.005)	0.003 (0.004)
Caregiver depression scoreb							0.003 (0.006)	0.006 (0.006)
R2	0.175	0.118	0.192	0.131	0.374	0.277	0.720	0.669
Adjusted-R2	0.173	0.115	0.185	0.124	0.358	0.258	0.703	0.651
df	366	381	364	379	305	310	210	233
AIC	196.507	120.388	193.075	118.673	112.896	64.322	− 122.221	− 136.367

Ref. reference category, NIHSS National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, mRS modified Rankin Scale, df residual degrees of freedom, AIC Akaike information criterion

*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p ≤ 0.001

^aNIHSS score at admission, survivors with transient ischaemic attack assigned NIHSS = 0

^bVariable collected at same time point as ${\mathrm{\Delta }}_U$