Table 1.
Traditional and clinical applications of Tussilago farfara L. (coltsfoot).
| Herbal formulations | Ingredients | Country/Region | Traditional uses/modern used | Preparation and administration | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The lung cleansing and detoxifying decoction (LCDD) | Ephedra sinica, Cinnamomum cassia (twig), Alisma plantago-aquatica, Atractylodes macrocephala, Bupleurum chinense, Scutellaria baicalensis, Tussilago farfara etc. | China | Widely used in treating COVID-19 Patients | Decoction | Weng (2020) |
| Skin pigmentum | Farfarae folium | Spain | Bacterial skin disease (Anthrax, Boils) | Apply leaves on the skin | Rigat et al. (2015) |
| Hormone Rejuvenator | Bilberry bark, cascara sagrada, chamomile, chickweed etc. | Europe | Nd | Capsule | Hirono et al. (1976) |
| Bronchostad® | Made from coltsfoot leaves | Europe | which can also be used to prepare liquid and solid extracts | Instant tea | Hirono et al. (1976) |
| Recipe | Coltsfoot, marshmallow leaf Althaea officinalis, elecampane Inula helenium, capsicum Capsicum annuum | Europe | To heal ‘buchas’, cough, shortness of breath, asthma | Decoction | Tobyn et al. (2011) |
| Tobacco | Coltsfoot, buckbean menyanthes trifoliata, eyebright euphrasia officinalis, betony stachys officinalis, rosemary rosmarinus officinalis, thyme thumus vulgaris lav, ender lavandula angustifolia and chamomile flowers matricaria recutita | Europe | Relives asthma and old bronchitis, catarrh and other lung troubles | Tobacco | Tobyn et al. (2011) |
| Kuan Donghua Tang | Tussilago farfara, Morus alba L, Fritillaria cirrhosa, Schisandra chinensis, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Anemarrhena asphodeloides, Amygdalus Communis | China | For erupting cough | Decoction | General Records of Holy Universal Relief (Song Dynasty) |
| Kuan Hua Tang | Tussilago farfara, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Platycodon grandifloras, Semen Coicis | China | Treatment of lung carbuncle and chest full of cold, pulse count, dry throat, great thirst, turbid saliva, stinky pus like japonica rice gruel | Decoction | Chuang Shang Jing Yan book⟪疮疡经验全书⟫ |
| Ding Chuan Tang | Ginkgo biloba, Ephedra sinica, Perilla frutescens, Tussilago farfara etc. | China | Treating for bronchial asthma, asthma bronchitis etc. | Decoction | Sheng Zhong Miao Prescription (Ming Dynasty) |
| Kuan Dong Jian | Tussilago farfara, Zingiber officinale, Aster tataricus, Schisandra chinensis | China | Treatment of cough with cold | Decoction | Thousand Pieces of Gold Formulae (Tang Dynasty) |
| Zi Wan San | Tussilago farfara, Aster tataricus | China | Cure a persistent cough | pulvis | Sheng Hui Prescription⟪圣惠方⟫ |
| Jiu Xian San | Panax ginseng, Tussilago farfara, Morus alba, Platycodon grandifloras etc. | China | Chronic Cough of Qi and blood deficiency | pulvis | Wei Sheng Bao Jian⟪卫生宝鉴⟫ |
| Bai Hua Gao | Tussilago farfara, Lilium brownii var. | China | Treat asthma, cough and sputum with blood | Pill | Ji Sheng Prescription⟪济生方⟫ |
| External preparation | The flower buds of coltsfoot | China | Treatment of hemorrhoid and fistula | The flower buds of coltsfoot into fine powde and then rapply with Water | Hu Nan Yao Wu Zhi⟪湖南药物志⟫ |
| Alcohol extract | The flower buds of coltsfoot | China | Treat asthma | Oral 5 ml (equivalent to 6 g of crude drug, 3 times a day, observation for 1 week | Great Traditional Chinese Medicine Dictionary (Shanghai Science and Technology Publishers) |
| Compound coltsfoot injection |
Tussilago farfara, Senecio pendulus |
China | Treatment of chronic bronchitis and anti-hypertensive effect | Each intramuscular injection of 2 ml, continuous medication for 10 days | Great Traditional Chinese Medicine Dictionary (Shanghai Science and Technology Publishers) |
| External preparation | The flower buds of coltsfoot | China | Treatment of chronic osteomyelitis | Make a paste, apply it to a disinfecting cloth, wash the patients with sinus tract with light saline, according to the size of the injured surface | Great Traditional Chinese Medicine Dictionary (Shanghai Science and Technology Publishers) |
Notes.
“Qi”: In ancient China, it is believed that Qi constitutes one of the basic substances of the body and maintain human life activities. People in China deemed that everything in the universe resulted from the movement and changed of Qi.
“Cold”: pain that is worse for cold and improved by warmth.
Nd: no date.