TABLE 2.
Demographics of patients and controls.
| Characteristics | Controls n = 145 | IgAN n = 14 | LN (SLE) n = 71 | Non-renal (SLE) n = 22 |
| Age | 41 (16–79) | 48 (20–72) | 33 (18–79) | 46 (18–65) |
| Females, n (%) | 114 (79%) | 7 (50%) | 62 (86%) | 22 (100%) |
| C4d (mg/L) | 0.33 (0–1.55) | 0.30 (0.05–1.39) | 1.02 (0.15–3.03) | 0.57 (0–1.71) |
| C3 (g/L) | n. d. | n. d. | 0.57 (0.12–1.38) 9 missing | 0.82 (0.41–1.24) |
| C4 (mg/L) | n. d. | n. d. | 86 (3.15–554) | 231 (3.15–441) |
| C4d/C4 ratio | n. d. | n. d. | 11.2 (0.47–930) | 2.49 (0–527) |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | n. d. | n. d. | 75 (32–188) | 64 (55–161) |
| Activity index | n. d. | n. d. | 5 (0–12) | n.d. |
| Chronicity index | n. d. | n. d. | 0 (0–7) | n.d. |
| Urine-albumin to creatinine ratio (mg/mmol) | n.d. | n.d. | 124 (0–556) 37 missing | n.d. |
| Urine-albumin >0.5 g/day, n (%) | n.d. | n.d. | 56 (79%) | n.d. |
| Anti-dsDNA-Ab positive, n (%) | n. d. | n. d. | 49 (78%) 8 missing | 17 (77%) |
| Prednisolone, n (%) (mg/day) | n.d. | 8 (57.1%) 5 (0–30) | 45 (63%) 7.5 (0–60) | 11 (50%) 2.5 (0–30) |
| DMARD, n (%) | n. d. | Any 3 (21.4%), AZA 1, CYC 1, INF 1 | Any 14 (20%), AZA 6, MMF 4, CYC 2, MTX 2 | Any 9 (41%), AZA 3, MMF 2, CYC 3, MTX 1 |
| Antimalarials, n (%) | n. d. | 0 | 19 (27%) | 12 (55%) |
Values are presented as median (range) unless otherwise stated. AZA, azathioprine; CYC, cyclophosphamide; DMARD, disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs; MMF, mycophenolate mofetil; MTX, methotrexate; IFN, infliximab; n.d., not determined.