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. 2020 Oct 2;7:646. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00646

Table 1.

Agent, cytokine, tissue, and species is shown for some common respiratory and gastrointestinal disease in pigs.

Respiratory disease
Infectious agent Cytokine response Tissue References
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Increase: IL-6, IL-1α, TNF-α Serum (pig) (85)
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Increase: IL-1α and -β,TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-5, IL-13, and IFN-γ Airway and lung tissue (pig) (8688)
Increase: IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α Lymphatic tissue (pig) (89, 90)
Increase: IL-2, IL-4, TNF-α, IL-1α, and β and IL-6 Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (natural infection) (pig) (91)
Influenza virus Increase: IL-8, IL-10, and IFN-γ Lung (pig) (92)
Increase: IFN-γ, IL-1ra, and IL-4 Plasma (human) (93)
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Increase: IL-10, IFN-α, IFN-γ, IL-12p40, and TNF-α Lung macrophages (pig) (94)
Gastrointestinal disease
Infectious agent Cytokine response Tissue Reference
Lawsonia intracellularis IL-8 and TNF-α Enterocyte-derived porcine cell line (95)
TNF- α, IL-6, IFN-γ Blood (pig) (96)
Escherichia coli IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-6 Blood (pig) (97)
Porcine circovirus type 2 (Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome) IL-10 (monocytic cells in vitro) (98)
IL-10 Blood (pig) (99)
Increase: IFNy and IL8, slightly increased IFN-β, IL-1β and IL-12
Decrease: IFN-α and IL-4
Tracheobronchial lymph nodes (pig) (90)
IFN-α, IL-6, and IL-10 Serum (pig) (100)
Weaning IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α Intestine (piglet) (101)

The effect on cytokine levels is an increase unless otherwise mentioned.