Table 1.

BMP4 overexpression ameliorates maternal diabetes-induced NTD.

	Experimental group	Glucose level (mg/dl)	Genotype	Embryos	NTDs Embryos (NTDs rate)
ND	Flk-1-Cre male x BMP4-Tg female (16 litters)	157.5 ± 7.6	non-BMP4-Tg	81	0
		163 ± 11.78	BMP4-Tg	27	0
DM	Flk-1-Cre male x BMP4-Tg female (17litters)	476.5 ± 13.2	non-BMP4-Tg	87	21 (24.14%)a
		432.56 ± 16.3	BMP4-Tg	31	2 (6.45%)

The ratio of BMP4-Tg mice to non-BMP4-Tg mice is about 1 to 3. NTD rates in E10.5 embryos.

ND nondiabetic, DM diabetes mellitus, BMP4-Tg BMP4 transgenic (Floxed BMP4; Flk-1-Cre⁺), non-BMP4-Tg non-BMP4 transgenic (include Wild-Type mice, Flk-1-Cre⁺ mice, and BMP4-Tg without Flk-1-Cre⁺).

^a Indicates significant difference (P < 0.05) when compared to other groups analyzed by the Fisher Exact test.