Table 2.

Autoantibodies against neural proteins in GWI cases and healthy and symptomatic controls ^a using ANCOVA analysis and adjusting for age, sex, and race.

		GWI vs. All Controls	GWI vs. GW Controls	GWI vs. IBS Controls	GWI vs. ME/CFS Controls
A. Neuronal Proteins
Neurofilament Triplet	Mean (SE)	3.42 (0.19) ***	1.88 (0.26) ***	0.86 (0.02) ***	1.18 (0.05) ***
Proteins (NFP)	Range	2.6–15.15	0.16–9.74	0.64–1.23	0.51–2.25
Tubulin	Mean (SE)	4.13 (0.25) ***	2.36 (0.30) ***	1.14 (0.03) ***	2.71 (0.24) **
	Range	0.32–15.15	0.09–10.76	0.62–15.36	0.63–7.39
Microtubule Associated Protein Tau (Tau)	Mean (SE)	2.92 (0.22) ***	1.57 (0.17) ***	1.24 (0.13) ***	1.02 (0.07) ***
	Range	0.33–10.55	0.34–5.13	0.52–4.11	0.40–3.36
Microtubule Associated Protein-2 (MAP-2)	Mean (SE)	9.66 (0.73) ***	5.04 (0.76) ***	1.05 (0.07) ***	6.97 (0.35) **
	Range	0.88–27.42	0.24–23.00	0.64–2.45	1.40–14.02
Calcium/Calmodulin	Mean (SE)	2.04 (0.15) ***	1.20 (0.13) ***	0.70 (0.03) ***	1.16 (0.05) ***
Kinase 2 (CaMKII)	Range	0.10–5.50	0.15–4.50	0.37–1.43	1.11–1.92
Alpha Synuclein (α-syn)	Mean (SE)	2.52 (0.19) ***	1.46 (0.02) ***	0.78 (0.06) ***	1.13 (0.05) ***
	Range	0.17–11.77	0.37–6.45	0.51–1.93	0.41–1.93
B. Glial Proteins: Oligodendrocytes
Myelin Basic Protein (MBP)	Mean (SE)	4.28 (0.18) ***	2.17 (0.32) ***	1.19 (0.03) ***	1.52 (0.09) ***
	Range	0.09–17.34	0.42–11.83	0.74–1.7	0.44–4.33
Myelin Associated Glycoprotein (MAG)	Mean (SE)	4.94 (0.28) ***	2.12 (0.25) ***	3.20 (0.21) *	1.58 (0.11) ***
	Range	0.24–20.94	0.38–6.51	1.03–6.51	0.26–4/48
Glial Proteins: Astrocytes
Glial Fibrillary Associated Protein (GFAP)	Mean (SE)	4.27 (0.18) ***	2.34 (0.30) ***	0.84 (0.03) ***	4.86 (0.26)
	Range	0.39–13.14	0.35–14.98	0.45–1.38	0.66–8.44
Glial S100B (S100B)	Mean (SE)	1.17 (0.04)	1.16 (0.03)	0.95 (0.03)	1.34 (0.06) *
	Range	2.60–2.41	0.37–2.74	0.53–1.34	0.49–2.26

Note: * p < 0.01 ** p < 0.001 *** p < 0.0001. ^a Values reflect fold change relative to control.