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Schematic overview of the use of radiotherapy-activated PDT for PCAR using radioluminescent nanomaterials. Radiotherapy can be applied for whole-abdomen irradiation. Scintillating nanomaterials accumulated in the cancer tissues can absorb the X-ray radiation and down-convert it into visible light. Conjugated photosensitizers can be excited, resulting in the photodynamic production of cytotoxic reactive oxygen species.
