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. 2020 Aug 31;10(9):600. doi: 10.3390/brainsci10090600

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Proposed mechanisms for breakdown and excretion of vitamin D₃. Except for calcitroic acid which is excreted in urine, all other poly-hydroxy-vitamin-D₃ derivatives, [1,25(OH)₂D₃, 1,24,25(OH)₂D₃, 24oxo,1,25(OH)₂D₃, and 1,23,25(OH)₂D₃] are excreted in bile [176,177,178]. Cleavage of the side chain at C23 is proposed to involve pyridoxyl amine, PLA.