Figure 2.

Photodynamic therapy using talaporfin sodium (TS-PDT) inhibited endothelial tube formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Tube disruption was determined using the Endothelial Tube Formation Assay Kit. After HUVECs were seeded on the Matrigel, endothelial tubes formed after 6 h and were treated as indicated. After 6 h of treatment, the following were evaluated: (a) Tube disruption was quantified 6 h after treatment with light irradiation alone or TS-PDT. (original magnification, 100×; scale bar 100 µm). (b) The total tube length, total number of tubes, and total number of branching points were evaluated. Data from the bar graphs are presented as the mean ± SEM from four independent experiments. The results were analyzed using Welch’s t-test; * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01 compared with the control group.