ACLF |
acute-on-chronic-liver failure |
Arg-1 |
arginase-1 |
AKT |
protein kinase B |
ASO |
antisense oligonucleotides |
a-SMA |
alpha-smooth muscle actin |
bFGF |
basic fibroblast growth factor |
CAF |
Cancer-associated fibroblasts |
CCL2 |
CC-Chemokin-Ligand-2 (CCL2) |
CCl4 |
Carbon tetrachloride |
CXCR4 |
chemokine receptor type 4 |
CTGF |
connective tissue growth factor |
COX2 |
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) |
c-MET |
tyrosine-protein kinase Met |
COX2-PGE2-EP4 |
Cyclooxygenase-2-Prostaglandin E2-Prostaglandin E2 receptor 4 |
DEN |
di-ethyl-nitrosamine |
ET-1 |
Endothelin-1 |
ERK |
Extracellular signal-regulated kinases |
EPR |
enhanced permeability retention |
Erk1/2 |
extracellular signal-regulated kinases |
FAP |
Fibroblast activation protein |
FLT3 |
FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 |
FRA1 |
Fos-related antigen 1 |
HCC |
Hepatocellular carcinoma |
HGF |
hepatocyte growth factor |
HEY1 |
hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif protein 1 |
IGFRII |
insulin-like growth factor type II receptor |
IL-6 |
Interleukin 6 |
IL-4R |
Interleukin 4 receptor |
iNOS |
Nitric oxide synthases |
IFNγ |
Interferon gamma |
JAK |
janus kinase |
M6P |
mannose-6-phosphate |
MAPK |
mitogen-activated protein kinase |
MDR2 |
multidrug resistance protein 2 |
MDSC |
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells |
MMP-9 |
Matrix metallopeptidase 9 |
TAM |
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) |
mTOR |
mechanistic Target of rapamycin |
PDAC |
pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma |
PDGFR(β) |
platelet-derived growth factor receptor β |
PDGF-BB/AB |
platelet-derived growth factor BB/AB |
PI3K |
phosphoinositide 3-kinase |
PGE2-EP4 |
Prostaglandin E2-Prostaglandin E2 receptor 4 |
PD-L1 |
Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 |
SDF-1 |
stromal cell-derived factor 1 |
Shh |
hedgehog signaling pathway |
shRNA |
Small hairpin RNA |
siRNA |
silencing RNA |
STAT3 |
signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 |
TGFβ1 |
transforming growth factor beta 1 |
Tie2 |
angiopoietin receptor 2 |
TIMP-1 |
tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase 1 |
TKI |
tyrosine kinase inhibitor |
TNF-a |
Tumor necrosis factor alpha |
VEGFR2 |
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 |