| HCC | hepatocellular carcinoma |
| NAFLD | non-alcoholic fatty liver disease |
| AFLD | alcoholic fatty liver disease |
| AdExos | adipocyte-derived exosomes |
| HCCExos | HCC-derived exosomes |
| SCs-AdExos | exosomes from adipose-derived stem cells |
| MSCs-AdExos | exosomes from adipocyte-derived mesenchymal stem cells |
| HBV | hepatitis B virus |
| HCV | hepatitis C virus |
| TGF-β | transforming growth factor-β |
| VEGFs | vascular endothelial growth factors |
| KLF4 | Krupel-like factor 4 |
| WAT | White adipose tissue |
| BAT | Brown adipose tissue |
| UCP1 | uncoupling protein-1 |
| CAAS | cancer-associated adipocyte |
| MCP | monocyte chemoattractant protein |
| CAFs | cancer-associated fibroblasts |
| ECM | extracellular matrix |
| EMT | epithelial to mesenchymal transition |
| EVs | extracellular vesicles |
| mRNA | messenger RNA |
| miRNA | microRNA |
| lncRNA | long non-coding RNA |
| circRNA | circular RNA |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid |
| ESCRT | endosomal sorting complex required for transport |
| TSG101 | tumor suppressor susceptibility gene 101 |
| CHMP4 | charged multivesicular protein body 4 |
| VPS-4 | vacuolar protein sorting 4 |
| MVBs | microvesicular bodies |
| ILVs | Intraluminal Vesicles |
| ACVR2B | activin receptor type-2B |
| IBD | inflammatory bowel disease |
| VEGF-C | vascular endothelial growth factor-C |
| ARG-1 | arginase-1 |
| IL-10 | interleukin-10 |
| Gce1 | glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored (c)AMP-degrading phosphodiesterase |
| VHL | Von Hippel–Lindau |
| circ-BD | circRNA that regulate deubiquination |
| USP7 | Ubiquitin-specific protease 7 |
| VHL | von Hippel–Lindau |
| NKT-cell | natural killer T-cell |
| ADC | apparent diffusion coefficient |
| HST-T6 | hepatic stellate; |
| TAK1 | transforming growth factor β activated kinase-1 |
| JNK | c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase |
| NF | nuclear factor |
| HUVECs | human umbilical vein endothelial cells |
| B4GALT3 | β-1,4-galactosyltransferases |