Table 5.

Risk factors for spontaneous hemorrhage in patients receiving direct oral anticoagulants [7,48,49,62,66].

Patient-Related Risk Factors

Advanced age Low body mass Smoking Associated comorbidities like hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes mellitus, renal failure, liver disease Previous gastrointestinal or intracranial bleeding Malignancies—tumor invasion Hematologic disorders Collagen vascular disorders Thrombocytopenia Concomitant use of other medications including steroids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, aspirin or clopidogrel