mir-34a targets KLF4 in lung macrophages. (A) Mir-34a-5p aligned with Klf4 to depict the putative binding site corresponding to ‘3’ untranslated region (UTR) region of Klf4 mRNA. (B) IHC staining of Klf4 in lungs of different treatment groups was done, and (C) counting of positive cells was performed to determine the expression of Klf4 in mice lung tissue and was analyzed by two-way ANOVA following Tukey’s post hoc analyses (D,E). RT-PCR results for the gene Klf4 from the lung tissue on 1.5% agarose gel and its densitometry by normalizing against actin. Statistical significance was done by t-test. (F,G) Immunoblots of Klf4 from RAW264.7 macrophage transfected with miR-34a inhibitor or mimic. ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001 (a minimum of four animals were used for each study).