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Proposed model for vPAG‐DA modulate isoflurane anesthesia in rats: Isoflurane activates GABAA receptor to act on GABA neuron and vPAG‐DA neurons. Then, isoflurane directly suppressed the activity of wake‐promoting vPAG‐DA neurons to induce anesthesia or activate GABA neuron to indirectly inhibit vPAG‐DA neurons causing the reduction of DA
