Table 1.
Patient baseline characteristics.
| Total (n = 113) | Control group (n = 56) | Intervention group (n = 57) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 59.0 ± 8.7 | 58.4 ± 8.2 | 59.5 ± 9.1 |
| Female, n (%) | 25 (22.1) | 16 (28.6) | 9 (15.8) |
| Non-European, n (%) | 4 (3.5) | – | 4 (7) |
| Married or cohabitant, n (%) | 89 (78.8) | 43 (76.8) | 46 (80.7) |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 4 (3.5) | 1 (1.8) | 3 (5.3) |
| Bodyweight | 90.2 ± 16.9 | 88.5 ± 17.0 | 91.8 ± 16.8 |
| Body mass index | 29.0 ± 4.9 | 28.4 ± 4.6 | 29.6 ± 5.2 |
| Disease, n (%) | |||
| Acute coronary syndrome | 44 (38.9) | 22 (39.3) | 22 (38.6) |
| Coronary artery disease | 39 (34.5) | 19 (33.9) | 20 (35.1) |
| Valve | 19 (16.8) | 8 (14.3) | 11 (19.3) |
| Cardiac arrest | 1 (0.9) | 1 (1.8) | – |
| Atrial fibrillation | 3 (2.7) | 1 (1.8) | 2 (3.5) |
| Other | 7 (6.2) | 5 (8.9) | 2 (3.5) |
| Treatment, n (%) | |||
| Percutaneous coronary intervention | 55 (48.7) | 26 (46.4) | 29 (50.9) |
| Coronary artery bypass graft | 22 (19.5) | 12 (21.4) | 10 (17.5) |
| Valve surgery | 19 (16.8) | 8 (14.3) | 11 (19.3) |
| Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator | 2 (1.8) | 1 (1.8) | 1 (1.8) |
| Pacemaker | 2 (1.8) | 2 (3.6) | – |
| Conservatively | 10 (8.8) | 6 (10.7) | 4 (7.0) |
| Other | 3 (2.7) | 1 (1.8) | 2 (3.5) |
| Medication, n (%) | |||
| Beta-blocker | 69 (61.1) | 32 (57.1) | 37 (64.9) |
| Statins | 96 (85) | 45 (80.4) | 51 (89.5) |
| ASA + plate inhibitor | 75 (66.4) | 39 (69.6) | 36 (63.2) |
| Antihypertensive | 55 (48.7) | 29 (51.8) | 26 (45.6) |
| Type D personality, n (%) | 13 (11.5) | 8 (14.3) | 5 (8.8) |
| Smartphone, n (%) | |||
| iPhone | 60 (53.1) | 30 (53.6) | 30 (52.6) |
| Android | 53 (46.9) | 26 (46.4) | 27 (47.4) |
| Type of cardiac rehabilitation, n (%) | |||
| One week | 35 (31) | 17 (30.4) | 18 (31.6) |
| Four weeks | 40 (35.4) | 20 (35.7) | 20 (35.1) |
| Twelve weeks | 38 (33.6) | 19 (33.9) | 19 (33.3) |
| Blood samples | |||
| LDL-cholesterol | 2.2 ± 0.9 | 2.3 ± 0.9 | 2.2 ± 0.8 |
| HDL-cholesterol | 1.3 ± 0.4 | 1.3 ± 0.4 | 1.2 ± 0.4 |
| Total cholesterol | 4.0 ± 1.0 | 4.0 ± 1.0 | 4.0 ± 0.9 |
| Triglycerides | 1.4 ± 0.9 | 1.3 ± 1.0 | 1.5 ± 0.9 |
| Blood pressure | |||
| Systolic blood pressure | 135 ± 17 | 136 ± 18 | 133 ± 17 |
| Diastolic blood pressure | 81 ± 9 | 81 ± 8 | 81 ± 10 |
| Exercise habits last year | 1.4 ± 1.5 | 1.3 ± 1.5 | 1.6 ± 1.5 |
| Cardiopulmonary exercise test | |||
| VO2peak (ml/kg/min) | 29.6 ± 7.7 | 29.9 ± 6.7 | 29.4 ± 8.7 |
| VO2peak (l/min) | 2.64 ± 0.74 | 2.63 ± 0.75 | 2.65 ± 0.74 |
| Time to exhaustion (sec) | 601 ± 124 | 603 ± 102 | 598 ± 144 |
Values are mean ± standard deviation or n (%), unless otherwise stated. Group differences were not significant.
VO2peak: peak oxygen uptake; ASA: acetylsalicylic acid; Type D personality: Type D Scale-14, a standard measure of type D personality; LDL-cholesterol: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-cholesterol: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; Exercise habits last year: mean exercise sessions each week for the last year.