Upregulation of Nav1.1 and downregulations of KCa3.1 and α6 subunit of GABAA receptors in the cortex from Il-4−/− mice and supplemental IL-4 increases KCa3.1 and α6 mRNA expressions. Upregulation of Nav1.1 mRNA expression and downregulations of KCa3.1 and α6 subunit of GABAA receptors mRNA expression, in cortical tissues (A) and cortical neurons (B) from Il-4−/− mice. (C) Nav1.1 protein expression in primary mouse cortical neurons by immunostaining and upregulation of Nav1.1 protein in Il-4−/− mice (n = 6 mice). (D) The image staining with KCa3.1 antibody (green), NeuN antibody (red, a neuronal-specific nucleus marker) and DAPI (blue, a nucleus marker). Downregulation of KCa3.1 protein in Il-4−/− mice (n = 4 mice, Mann Whitney test). (E) Downregulation of α6 subunit of GABAA protein in Il-4−/− mice (n = 4 mice). Increased mRNA expressions of KCa3.1 and α6 subunit in Il-4−/− (F) and Il-4+/+ (G) cortical neurons after supplementing IL-4 (20 ng/mL) in culture for 7 days. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM, ∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01 and ∗∗∗P < 0.001 compared with their controls. The numbers at the bottom of the bars indicate the number of repeats or mice in the group.