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“Missing self” mechanism of iKP CAR. T cells co-expressing CD19 CAR and iKP CAR exploit “missing self” activation mechanism similar to NK cells. (A) T cells are activated by CD19 CAR and kill malignant B cells upon recognizing CD19 on malignant B cell tumors. (B) CD19 CAR activation signal is inhibited by PD-1 signal when iKP CAR is engaged to “self-HLA-C1” on normal B cells and iKP-19-CAR-T cells do not kill normal B cells.
