Table 1.

Comparisons of extracellular vesicle types.

Extracellular Vesicles	Size	Origin	Membrane Protein Biomarkers	Cell-Type Specific Protein Biomarkers	Other Names	Cargo in Common
Exosomes	50–150 nm	Endosome	CD9, CD81, CD63, TSPAN6, TSPAN8, CD151, CD37, CD53, FLOT1/2	HLA, HLA-DQB1, APP, PMEL, TCR, FASLG, CXCR4, HSPG, CD86, PRNP, TFR, WNT	Prostasomes, Tolerosomes, Dexosomes, Nanovesicles, Exosome-like vesicles	Lipids: phosphatidylserine, sphingolipids; Cell adhesion: integrin; Intracellular trafficking: RAB, ANXA; Biogenesis factors: ALIX, TSG101, VPS4; Chaperones: HSP70, HSP90; Nucleic acids: microRNA, other non-coding RNAs, mRNA, DNA
Microvesicles	50–500 nm (up to 1 μm)	Plasma membrane	CD9, CD81, CD82	HLA, LFA1, CD14	Microparticles, Blebbing vesicles, Shedding vesicles, Oncosomes, Apoptotic bodies