| COVID-19 | Coronavirus 2019 disease |
| NETs | neutrophil extracellular traps |
| SARS CoV2 | severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 |
| TLR | toll-like receptors |
| CLEC | C-type lectin like receptors |
| CDC | Center for Disease Control and Prevention |
| WHO | World Health Organization |
| ARDS | acute respiratory distress syndrome |
| ALI | acute lung injury |
| PAF | platelet activating factor |
| IL-8 or CXCL8 | interleukin-8 |
| LPS | lipopolysaccharide |
| PKC | protein kinase C |
| PMA | phorbol myristate acetate |
| PAD4 | peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 |
| MPO | myeloperoxidase |
| NE | neutrophil elastase |
| ETs | extracellular traps |
| TNF α | tumor necrosis factor α |
| Cit-H3 | citrullinated histone H3 |
| SIRS | systemic inflammatory response syndrome |
| WBC | white blood cells |
| cirDNA | circulating DNA |
| HMGB1 | high mobility group box-1 |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| GM-CSF | colony-stimulating factor |
| DAMPs | damage-associated molecular patterns |
| PRR | pattern recognition receptors |
| STING | stimulator of interferon genes |
| pDCs | plasmacytoid dendritic cells |
| ORF-9b | open reading frame 9b |
| DRP1 | dynamin-related protein 1 |
| iIFN | inducible interferon |
| NLRP3 | NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3) |
| NLRs | (NOD)-like receptors |
| NOD | nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain |
| DV | dengue virus |
| RNA | ribonucleic acid |
| ss-RNA | single-stranded RNA |
| ICs | immune complexes |
| PAMPs | pathogen-associated molecular patterns |
| HIV | human immunodeficiency virus |
| SLE | systemic lupus erythematosus |
| RA | rheumatoid arthritis |
| TMA | thrombotic microangiopathy |
| CRP | C-reactive protein |
| RSV | respiratory syncytial virus |
| VHF | viral hemorrhagic fevers |
| CHIKV | chikungunya virus |
| SIV | simian immunodeficiency virus |
| ENaC | epithelial sodium channel |
| HCQ | Hydroxychloroquine |
| IL-6 | interleukin 6 |