The study design. The panel of circulating cytokines and growth factors was assessed in fourgroups of T2D patients and healthy controls. CKD−: group of patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) <3.0 mg/mmol; NA-CKD: non-albuminuric chronic kidney disease, group of patients with eGFR <60 mL/min × 1.73 m2 and UACR <3.0 mg/mmol; A-CKD−: group of patients with albuminuria (UACR ≥3.0 mg/mmol) and eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2; A-CKD+: albuminuric chronic kidney disease, group of patients with eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and UACR ≥3.0 mg/mmol; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; T2D, type 2 diabetes; UACR, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio.