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. 2020 Sep 6;12(9):2530. doi: 10.3390/cancers12092530

Table 2.

Factors associated with surgical resection after primary endoscopic resection.

Variables Evaluated Clinical Follow-up (n = 162) Surgical Resection (n = 115) Odd Ratio (95% CI) 1 Odd Ratio (95% CI) 2
Gender (n = 277)

  • Female

  • Male

 52 (59.8%)
110 (57.9%)		 35 (40.2%)
80 (42.1%)		 1
1.08 (0.64–1.81)
Age (n = 277)

  • <60 years

  • ≥60 years

 55 (56.7%)
107 (59.5%)		 42 (43.3%)
73 (40.5%)		 1
0.89 (0.54–1.47)
Colonoscopies (n = 258)

  • One

  • At least two

 134 (57.8%)
21 (80.8%)		 98 (42.2%)
5 (19.2%)		 1
0.32 (0.12–0.89)
Lesion size (n = 277)

  • <20 mm

  • ≥20 mm

 96 (60.0%)
66 (56.4%)		 64 (40.0%)
51 (43.6%)		 1
1.16 (0.72–1.88)
Morphology (n = 277)

  • Nonpedunculated

  • Pedunculated

 36 (35.0%)
126 (72.4%)		 67 (65.0%)
48 (27.6%)		 1
0.20 (0.12–0.35)
Location (splenic flexure) (n = 277)

  • Proximal

  • Distal

 7 (33.3%)
155 (60.6%)		 14 (66.7%)
101 (39.4%)		 1
0.33 (0.13–0.83)
SMSA classification (n = 277)

  • 4–8

  • 9–12

  • >12

 138 (68.0%)
21 (42.0%)
3 (12.5%)		 65 (32.0%)
29 (58.0%)
21 (87.5%)		 1
2.93 (1.55–5.53)
14.8 (4.3–51.6)
Endoscopic resection (n = 277)

  • In block

  • Piecemeal

 152 (68.5%)
10 (18.2%)		 70 (31.5%)
45 (81.8%)		 1
9.78 (4.66–20.5)		 1
4.48 (1.48–13.6)
Infiltration of the border (n = 277)

  • Noninfiltrated

  • Infiltrated/nonevaluable

 154 (71.3%)
8 (13.1%)		 62 (28.7%)
53 (86.9%)		 1
16.5 (7.40–36.6)		 1
7.44 (2.12–26.0)
Well-differentiated (n = 277)

  • Yes

  • No

 5 (23.8%)
157 (61.4%)		 16 (76.2%)
99 (38.6%)		 5.00 (1.81–14.3)
1		 4.76 (1.07–20.0)
1
Lymphatic infiltration (n = 264)

  • No

  • Yes

 153 (61.7%)
2 (12.5%)		 95 (38.3%)
14 (87.5%)		 1
11.3 (2.51–50.7)
Vascular infiltration (n = 277)

  • No

  • Yes

 153 (67.0%)
9 (26.5%)		 90 (37.0%)
25 (73.5%)		 1
4.72 (2.11–10.5)		 1
8.24 (2.72–25.0)
Tumor budding (n = 48)

  • No

  • Yes

 13 (61.9%)
16 (59.3%)		 8 (38.1%)
11 (40.7%)		 1
1.12 (0.35–3.6)
Haggitt classification (n = 224)

  • <4

  • 4

 102 (85.6%)
34 (33.3%)		 20 (16.4%)
68 (66.7%)		 1
10.2 (5.42–19.2)		 1
5.68 (2.62–12.3)
High-risk pT1 CRC (n = 277)

  • No

  • Yes

 130 (76.9%)
32 (29.6%)		 39 (23.1%)
76 (70.4%)		 1
7.92 (4.58–13.6)
Endoscopist ADR (n = 277)

  • Q1 (≤60%)

  • Q2 (60–65.3%)

  • Q3 (65.3–70.8%)

  • Q4 (>70.8%)

 29 (50.0%)
36 (52.1%)
48 (67.6%)
49 (56.3%)		 29 (50.0%)
25 (47.9%)
23 (32.4%)
38 (43.7%)		 1
0.69 (0.34–1.43)
0.48 (0.23–0.98)
0.78 (0.40–1.51)
Endoscopist number of colonoscopies (n = 277)

  • ≤278

  • >278

 25 (71.5%)
137 (56.6%)		 10 (28.5%)
105 (43.4%)		 1
1.92 (0.88–4.16)
Complexity of hospital (n = 370)

  • Second level

  • Third level

 81 (54.4%)
81 (63.3%)		 68 (45.6%)
47 (36.7%)		 1
0.69 (0.42–1.12)

1 Odds Ratio and 95% CI calculated in the univariate analysis using the Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel statistic. 2 Odds Ratio and 95% CI calculated in the multivariable logistic regression analysis (forward conditional). ADR, adenoma detection rate; CI, confidence interval; CRC, colorectal cancer; SMSA, Size, Morphology, Site and Access.