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. 2020 Sep 1;11(9):584. doi: 10.3390/insects11090584

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Mortality of lambda-cyhalothrin resistant mosquitoes treated with antibiotics (Ant). Females from the highly resistant Acacias strain F6 (selected by treatment with lambda-cyhalothrin) were treated (Ant +) or not (Ant −) with 50 U/mL penicillin/50 µg/mL streptomycin. The mortality after exposure to the insecticide lambda-cyhalothrin (Ins +) for 30 min was evaluated. Mosquitoes treated or not with antibiotics (Ant +/Ant −) but not exposed to insecticide (Ins −) were used as controls. Statistical analyses included two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni tests (*** p < 0.001; ** p < 0.01; * p < 0.05). There was a significant difference at 30 min between Ant (−) Ins (+) and Ant (+) Ins (+). These two treatments were significantly different from controls without insecticide at 20, 25, and 30 min.