| ACT | adoptive cell transfer |
| APC | antigen presenting cell |
| aAPC | artificial antigen presenting cell |
| AdCAR | adaptor CAR-T cell |
| BiTE | bi-specific T cell engager |
| CAR | chimeric antigen receptor |
| CSF-1R | colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor |
| CTLA-4 | cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 |
| DAMP | danger-associated molecular pattern |
| ECM | extracellular matrix |
| GETs | genetically engineered T cells |
| HLA | human leukocyte antigen |
| ICD | immunogenic cell death |
| ICI | immune checkpoint inhibitor |
| IL-2 | interleukin-2 |
| LDH | lactate dehydrogenase A |
| MDA-5 | melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 |
| MDSC | myeloid-derived suppressor cell |
| NGMS | next generation mutanome sequencing |
| PD-1/PD-L1 | programmed cell death protein 1 pathway |
| PEG | polyethylene glycol |
| RNA-LPX | RNA-lipoplex |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| scFv | single-chain variable fragment |
| siRNA | small interfering RNA |
| TAA | tumor-associated antigen |
| TAM | tumor-associated macrophage |
| TCR | T cell receptor |
| TGF-β1 | transforming growth factor-β1 |
| TIL | tumor-infiltrating T lymphocyte |
| TLR | toll-like receptor |
| TME | tumor microenvironment, Treg, regulatory T cell |
| TAA | tumor-associated antigen |
| UPR | unfolded protein response |