Figure 3.

Effect of piperine treatment on ACF and MDF. (A) Piperine attenuates ACF per rat colon in DMH administered groups as compared to tumor group. ACF visualized by methylene blue (MB) staining are detectable under microscope. The colons here were opened and stained with high iron diamine (HID) and Alcian blue (AB) as we can see in the picture. (B) Piperine attenuates MDF per rat colon in DMH administered groups as compared to tumor group. MDF are the dysplastic crypts lacking mucin formation found in the colons of chemical carcinogen rodent studies. The colons here were opened and stained with high iron diamine (HID) and Alcian blue (AB) as we can see in the picture (n = 10).