116E–Rotavac®

ACIP = US Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices

AD = any dose

AGE = acute gastroenteritis

AGMKC = African green monkey kidney cells

ARD = acute rotavirus diarrhoea

BCG = Bacille Calmette-Guérin

BRV = bovine rotavirus

BRV-PV = bovine rotavirus pentavalent vaccine

CDC = Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

CEMR = cryo-electron microscopy reconstruction

CMPKEC = Cynomolgus monkey primary kidney epithelial cells

COVID-19 = coronavirus disease (discovered in 2019)

D = dose

DALY = disability-adjusted life year

DLP = double-layered particle

DNA = deoxyribonucleic acid

DPT = Diptheria, Pertussis, and Tetanus same as DTaP or DTP

dsRNA = double-stranded ribonucleic acid

EE = environmental enteropathy

EED = environmental enteric dysfunction

EPI = Expanded Programme on Immunisation

ESPGHAN = European Society for Paediatric, Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition

ESPID = European Society for Paediatric Infectious Diseases

EV = emergency visit

FBKC = foetal bovine kidney cell

FD = full doses

FFU = focus-forming unit

FUT = fucosyltransferase gene

GalNAc = N-acetylgalactosamine

GAVI = Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation

GE = gastroenteritis

GMC = geometric mean titre

GRSN = Global Rotavirus Surveillance Network

GSK = Glaxo SmithKline (formerly Glaxo Wellcome)

HBGAs = histo-blood group antigens

HICs = high income countries

HMICs = high-middle income countries

IgA = immunoglobulin A

IPV = inactivated polio vaccine

IS = intussusception

ITT = intention-to-treat

ITTP = intention-to-treat population

LAORoVs = live-attenuated oral rotavirus vaccines

Le = Lewis factor

LICs = low income countries

LMICs = low-to-middle income countries

LRTI = lower respiratory tract infection

MenAV = Meningococcal A conjugate vaccine

MICs = middle income countries

mRNA = messenger ribonucleic acid

MRV = Measles-Rubella Vaccine

MV = Measles vaccine

NCDV = Nebraska Calf Diarrhoea Virus

NGO = non-governmental organisation

NIH = National Institute of Health

NIP = National Immunisation Program

NSP = non-structural protein

NSP1 = interferon antagonist

NSP2 = NTPase

NSP3 = translational enhancer

NSP4 = enterotoxin

NSP5/6 = phosphoprotein

OPV = oral polio vaccine

ORF = open reading frame

ORS = oral rehydrating solution

PAHO = Pan American Health Organisation

PATH = Program for Appropriate Technology in Health

PCVs = porcine circoviruses

PKC = porcine kidney cell

PPP = per-protocol population

REST = rotavirus efficacy and safety trial

RIX4414 = Rotarix®

RNA = ribonucleic acid

RoV = rotavirus vaccine

RoVE = rotavirus vaccine effectiveness

RoVs = rotavirus vaccines

RRV-PV rhesus rotavirus pentavalent vaccine

RRV-TV = rhesus rotavirus tetravalent (RotaShield®)

RTI = respiratory tract infection

RV1 = Rotarix®

RV4 = RotaShield®

RV5 = RotaTeq®

RVD = rotavirus diarrhoea

RVGE = rotavirus gastroenteritis

RVI = rotavirus infection

RVIs = rotavirus infection

RV-VLPs = rotavirus virus-like particles

SAGE = Strategic Advisory Group of Experts

SARS-CoV-2 = severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

SGE = severe gastroenteritis

SLP = single-layered particle

SRVD = severe rotavirus diarrhoea

SRVGE = severe rotavirus gastroenteritis

TLP = triple-layered particleUN = United Nations

UNICEF = United Nations Children’s Fund (United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund)

VE = vaccine effectiveness

VP = viral protein

VP1 = RNA-dependent RNA polymerase

VP2 = core protein

VP3 = methyltransferase-guanylyltransferase

VP4 = spike-like protease-sensitive neutralising antigen

VP6 = inner capsid

VP7 = glycosylated neutralising antigen

VP8* = sialic-binding protein

VSRVGE = very severe rotavirus gastroenteritis

WHO = World Health Organisation

WUENIC = WHO/UNICEF Estimates of National Immunization Coverage

YFV = Yellow fever vaccine