Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics according to triglyceride levels
| Characteristic | Triglycerides, mg/dL | P-value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | < 150 | 150–199 | 200–250 | ≥ 250 | ||
| Number | 18,781 | 13,350 | 2576 | 1322 | 1533 | |
| Age, years | 45.64 ± 18.94 | 44.30 ± 19.15 | 49.09 ± 18.45 | 49.63 ± 18.23 | 48.12 ± 16.92 | < 0.001 |
| Gender, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
| Male | 9130 (48.61) | 6246 (46.79) | 1292 (50.16) | 726 (54.92) | 866 (56.49) | |
| Female | 9651 (51.39) | 7104 (53.21) | 1284 (49.84) | 596 (45.08) | 667 (43.51) | |
| Race, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
| Non-white | 10,628 (56.59) | 7806 (58.47) | 1367 (53.07) | 675 (51.06) | 780 (50.88) | |
| White | 8153 (43.41) | 5544 (41.53) | 1209 (46.93) | 647 (48.94) | 753 (49.12) | |
| Smoking, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
| No | 9463 (54.54) | 6953 (57.31) | 1201 (48.86) | 619 (48.59) | 690 (46.43) | |
| Yes | 7887 (45.46) | 5179 (42.69) | 1257 (51.14) | 655 (51.41) | 796 (53.57) | |
| Education level, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
| Less than high school | 5010 (29.15) | 3226 (26.90) | 829 (33.93) | 437 (34.46) | 518 (34.91) | |
| High school or above | 12,177 (70.85) | 8766 (73.10) | 1614 (66.07) | 831 (65.54) | 966 (65.09) | |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 28.46 ± 6.68 | 27.75 ± 6.78 | 29.94 ± 6.26 | 30.29 ± 6.08 | 30.58 ± 5.78 | < 0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 122.53 ± 19.03 | 121.15 ± 18.72 | 124.98 ± 19.31 | 126.52 ± 19.49 | 126.96 ± 19.23 | < 0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 68.88 ± 13.25 | 68.22 ± 12.88 | 70.26 ± 13.41 | 70.28 ± 14.15 | 71.12 ± 14.73 | < 0.001 |
| Energy, kcal | 2149.28 ± 1020.81 | 2146.82 ± 1032.72 | 2112.49 ± 991.50 | 2144.78 ± 957.29 | 2237.06 ± 1015.15 | 0.003 |
| eGFR, mg/min/1.73m2 | 92.49 ± 29.80 | 93.07 ± 28.43 | 90.16 ± 31.21 | 91.43 ± 34.66 | 92.23 ± 34.06 | < 0.001 |
| C-reactive protein, mg/L | 0.45 ± 0.86 | 0.42 ± 0.87 | 0.51 ± 0.97 | 0.51 ± 0.66 | 0.53 ± 0.72 | < 0.001 |
| Triglycerides | ||||||
| mg/dL | 131.38 ± 87.24 | 89.44 ± 30.20 | 171.66 ± 14.46 | 222.04 ± 14.32 | 350.73 ± 107.34 | < 0.001 |
| mmol/L | 1.48 ± 0.98 | 1.01 ± 0.34 | 1.94 ± 0.16 | 2.51 ± 0.16 | 3.96 ± 1.21 | < 0.001 |
| Low density lipoprotein cholesterol | ||||||
| mg/dL | 114.90 ± 35.92 | 111.57 ± 33.69 | 125.44 ± 37.33 | 125.36 ± 40.70 | 118.22 ± 44.07 | < 0.001 |
| mmol/L | 2.97 ± 0.93 | 2.89 ± 0.87 | 3.24 ± 0.97 | 3.24 ± 1.05 | 3.06 ± 1.14 | < 0.001 |
| Total cholesterol | ||||||
| mg/dL | 194.24 ± 42.18 | 185.88 ± 38.09 | 207.80 ± 40.78 | 215.37 ± 44.77 | 226.00 ± 48.30 | < 0.001 |
| mmol/L | 5.02 ± 1.09 | 4.81 ± 0.99 | 5.37 ± 1.05 | 5.57 ± 1.16 | 5.84 ± 1.25 | < 0.001 |
| High density lipoprotein cholesterol | ||||||
| mg/dL | 53.33 ± 15.65 | 56.43 ± 15.46 | 48.01 ± 13.17 | 45.95 ± 13.05 | 41.73 ± 12.96 | < 0.001 |
| mmol/L | 1.38 ± 0.40 | 1.46 ± 0.40 | 1.24 ± 0.34 | 1.19 ± 0.34 | 1.08 ± 0.34 | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
| No | 15,898 (84.68) | 11,739 (87.95) | 2066 (80.26) | 1006 (76.15) | 1087 (70.91) | |
| Yes | 2877 (15.32) | 1608 (12.05) | 508 (19.74) | 315 (23.85) | 446 (29.09) | |
| Hypertension, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
| No | 11,387 (60.70) | 8587 (64.38) | 1384 (53.83) | 678 (51.32) | 738 (48.20) | |
| Yes | 7374 (39.30) | 4751 (35.62) | 1187 (46.17) | 643 (48.68) | 793 (51.80) | |
| Cardiovascular disease, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
| No | 15,712 (91.26) | 11,076 (92.22) | 2197 (89.64) | 1118 (88.03) | 1321 (88.96) | |
| Yes | 1504 (8.74) | 934 (7.78) | 254 (10.36) | 152 (11.97) | 164 (11.04) | |
| Antihypertensive drugs, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
| No | 14,358 (76.45) | 10,557 (79.08) | 1835 (71.23) | 913 (69.06) | 1053 (68.69) | |
| Yes | 4423 (23.55) | 2793 (20.92) | 741 (28.77) | 409 (30.94) | 480 (31.31) | |
| Hypoglycemic agents, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
| No | 17,309 (92.16) | 12,516 (93.75) | 2328 (90.37) | 1167 (88.28) | 1298 (84.67) | |
| Yes | 1472 (7.84) | 834 (6.25) | 248 (9.63) | 155 (11.72) | 235 (15.33) | |
| Lipid-lowering drugs, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
| No | 16,560 (88.17) | 11,956 (89.56) | 2193 (85.13) | 1113 (84.19) | 1298 (84.67) | |
| Yes | 2221 (11.83) | 1394 (10.44) | 383 (14.87) | 209 (15.81) | 235 (15.33) | |
| Antiplatelet drugs, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
| No | 18,460 (98.29) | 13,153 (98.52) | 2508 (97.36) | 1292 (97.73) | 1507 (98.30) | |
| Yes | 321 (1.71) | 197 (1.48) | 68 (2.64) | 30 (2.27) | 26 (1.70) | |
| Cardiovascular mortality, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
| No | 18,360 (97.76) | 13,108 (98.19) | 2493 (96.78) | 1275 (96.44) | 1484 (96.80) | |
| Yes | 421 (2.24) | 242 (1.81) | 83 (3.22) | 47 (3.56) | 49 (3.20) | |
| All-cause mortality, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
| No | 16,789 (89.39) | 12,114 (90.74) | 2243 (87.07) | 1131 (85.55) | 1301 (84.87) | |
| Yes | 1992 (10.61) | 1236 (9.26) | 333 (12.93) | 191 (14.45) | 232 (15.13) | |
Note: Subgroup differences were tested by one-way analysis of variance for continuous variables and by chi-square for categorical variables
Values are mean ± standardized differences or number (%)
n number; eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate