Table 3.
Cumulative mortality (95% CI) from all causes according to diagnosis year among 5-year AYA cancer survivors, stratified by cancer type, age, sex, and race
| Characteristic | All-cause mortality |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5-year | 10-year | 20-year | P * | |
| Cancer type | ||||
| Leukemia | <.001 | |||
| 1975–1984 | 28.6 (25.0 to 32.3) | 37.9 (34.0 to 41.8) | 46.6 (42.5 to 50.7) | |
| 1985–1994 | 15.3 (13.2 to 17.5) | 20.6 (18.3 to 23.1) | 31.3 (28.4 to 34.1) | |
| 1995–2004 | 7.6 (6.7 to 8.5) | 12.5 (11.4 to 13.8) | — | |
| 2005–2011 | 6.6 (5.6 to 7.6) | — | — | |
| Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | <.001 | |||
| 1975–1984 | 13.0 (11.2 to 14.9) | 20.1 (18.0 to 22.4) | 32.0 (29.4 to 34.6) | |
| 1985–1994 | 9.6 (8.4 to 10.8) | 14.8 (13.4 to 16.2) | 23.6 (21.8 to 25.4) | |
| 1995–2004 | 5.2 (4.6 to 5.8) | 9.1 (8.3 to 9.9) | — | |
| 2005–2011 | 3.6 (3.0 to 4.3) | — | — | |
| Hodgkin lymphoma | <.001 | |||
| 1975–1984 | 9.1 (8.1 to 10.1) | 15.3 (14.0 to 16.6) | 28.7 (27.1 to 30.4) | |
| 1985–1994 | 5.5 (4.8 to 6.2) | 9.5 (8.6 to 10.4) | 20.0 (18.7 to 21.3) | |
| 1995–2004 | 3.8 (3.4 to 4.2) | 6.7 (6.1 to 7.3) | — | |
| 2005–2011 | 3.0 (2.5 to 3.5) | — | — | |
| Central nervous system | <.001 | |||
| 1975–1984 | 25.0 (22.4 to 27.6) | 36.4 (33.6 to 39.3) | 52.0 (49.0 to 55.0) | |
| 1985–1994 | 19.4 (17.7 to 21.3) | 30.5 (28.4 to 32.6) | 46.8 (44.4 to 49.2) | |
| 1995–2004 | 18.0 (16.8 to 19.3) | 28.1 (26.6 to 29.6) | — | |
| 2005–2011 | 17.2 (15.6 to 18.9) | — | — | |
| Osseous and chondromatous | .43 | |||
| 1975–1984 | 10.4 (7.6 to 13.8) | 14.2 (10.9 to 18.0) | 21.8 (17.8 to 26.2) | |
| 1985–1994 | 8.9 (6.8 to 11.3) | 13.1 (10.6 to 16.0) | 19.3 (16.2 to 22.7) | |
| 1995–2004 | 10.6 (9.0 to 12.3) | 15.1 (13.2 to 17.2) | — | |
| 2005–2011 | 10.1 (7.9 to 12.5) | — | — | |
| Soft tissue sarcomas | .96 | |||
| 1975–1984 | 6.2 (5.0 to 7.7) | 9.8 (8.2 to 11.5) | 17.6 (15.6 to 19.8) | |
| 1985–1994 | 7.3 (6.2 to 8.6) | 10.7 (9.4 to 12.2) | 17.3 (15.6 to 19.1) | |
| 1995–2004 | 6.5 (5.7 to 7.3) | 10.4 (9.3 to 11.4) | — | |
| 2005–2011 | 7.1 (5.9 to 8.4) | — | — | |
| Germ cell and trophoblastic | <.001 | |||
| 1975–1984 | 1.7 (1.3 to 2.2) | 4.4 (3.8 to 5.2) | 11.9 (10.8 to 13.0) | |
| 1985–1994 | 2.2 (1.9 to 2.6) | 4.0 (3.5 to 4.6) | 9.3 (8.5 to 10.1) | |
| 1995–2004 | 1.4 (1.2 to 1.6) | 3.0 (2.7 to 3.4) | — | |
| 2005–2011 | 1.6 (1.3 to 2.0) | — | — | |
| Melanoma/skin | <.001 | |||
| 1975–1984 | 5.5 (4.9 to 6.2) | 9.0 (8.2 to 9.9) | 14.3 (13.3 to 15.4) | |
| 1985–1994 | 4.0 (3.6 to 4.5) | 6.5 (6.0 to 7.1) | 11.2 (10.5 to 12.0) | |
| 1995–2004 | 2.8 (2.6 to 3.1) | 4.8 (4.5 to 5.2) | — | |
| 2005–2011 | 2.9 (2.6 to 3.3) | — | — | |
| Thyroid | .16 | |||
| 1975–1984 | 1.2 (0.9 to 1.6) | 2.5 (2.0 to 3.0) | 6.2 (5.4 to 7.0) | |
| 1985–1994 | 0.8 (0.6 to 1.1) | 1.8 (1.5 to 2.2) | 5.2 (4.6 to 5.9) | |
| 1995–2004 | 0.9 (0.8 to 1.1) | 2.1 (1.9 to 2.4) | — | |
| 2005–2011 | 0.9 (0.7 to 1.1) | — | — | |
| Head and neck | .001 | |||
| 1975–1984 | 7.8 (6.2 to 9.7) | 13.6 (11.4 to 15.9) | 26.9 (24.0 to 29.8) | |
| 1985–1994 | 8.2 (6.7 to 9.7) | 14.3 (12.4 to 16.2) | 27.2 (24.7 to 29.7) | |
| 1995–2004 | 6.4 (5.5 to 7.4) | 10.7 (9.5 to 12.1) | — | |
| 2005–2011 | 6.1 (4.8 to 7.6) | — | — | |
| Trachea, lung, and bronchus | .70 | |||
| 1975–1984 | 14.3 (10.7 to 18.4) | 24.8 (20.2 to 29.7) | 35.3 (30.1 to 40.6) | |
| 1985–1994 | 13.4 (10.3 to 16.9) | 18.4 (14.8 to 22.3) | 32.5 (27.9 to 37.3) | |
| 1995–2004 | 11.8 (9.6 to 14.2) | 18.7 (15.8 to 21.8) | — | |
| 2005–2011 | 10.9 (8.3 to 13.9) | — | — | |
| Female breast | <.001 | |||
| 1975–1984 | 15.9 (14.9 to 17.0) | 23.3 (22.2 to 24.5) | 33.7 (32.4 to 35.0) | |
| 1985–1994 | 13.1 (12.4 to 13.9) | 20.1 (19.2 to 21.0) | 30.1 (29.1 to 31.2) | |
| 1995–2004 | 11.9 (11.4 to 12.4) | 18.6 (18.0 to 19.2) | — | |
| 2005–2011 | 10.1 (9.5 to 10.8) | — | — | |
| Kidney | <.001 | |||
| 1975–1984 | 10.7 (7.4 to 14.6) | 16.8 (12.6 to 21.4) | 31.0 (25.6 to 36.5) | |
| 1985–1994 | 7.2 (5.3 to 9.5) | 14.3 (11.6 to 17.4) | 24.6 (21.1 to 28.4) | |
| 1995–2004 | 5.1 (4.1 to 6.2) | 10.6 (9.1 to 12.2) | — | |
| 2005–2011 | 4.4 (3.4 to 5.6) | — | — | |
| Bladder | .10 | |||
| 1975–1984 | 2.4 (1.5 to 3.8) | 5.0 (3.6 to 6.9) | 11.7 (9.4 to 14.2) | |
| 1985–1994 | 1.9 (1.1 to 2.9) | 4.8 (3.5 to 6.4) | 12.4 (10.2 to 14.8) | |
| 1995–2004 | 3.0 (2.1 to 4.0) | 6.6 (5.2 to 8.1) | — | |
| 2005–2011 | 3.7 (2.3 to 5.6) | — | — | |
| Cervix/uterus | .01 | |||
| 1975–1984 | 3.6 (3.0 to 4.3) | 6.6 (5.8 to 7.5) | 14.8 (13.6 to 16.1) | |
| 1985–1994 | 2.9 (2.5 to 3.5) | 5.5 (4.8 to 6.2) | 13.1 (12.1 to 14.3) | |
| 1995–2004 | 3.4 (3.0 to 3.8) | 6.1 (5.5 to 6.7) | — | |
| 2005–2011 | 4.4 (3.7 to 5.1) | — | — | |
| Colorectal | .84 | |||
| 1975–1984 | 9.2 (7.4 to 11.1) | 12.9 (10.9 to 15.1) | 17.4 (15.0 to 19.9) | |
| 1985–1994 | 9.9 (8.4 to 11.5) | 13.7 (12.0 to 15.5) | 22.9 (20.7 to 25.2) | |
| 1995–2004 | 9.8 (8.9 to 10.7) | 14.3 (13.2 to 15.5) | — | |
| 2005–2011 | 10.3 (9.2 to 11.6) | — | — | |
| Age at diagnosis, y | ||||
| 15–24 | <.001 | |||
| 1975–1984 | 5.8 (5.2 to 6.4) | 8.9 (8.2 to 9.6) | 15.4 (14.5 to 16.3) | |
| 1985–1994 | 4.2 (3.8 to 4.7) | 6.8 (6.2 to 7.3) | 12.0 (11.2 to 12.7) | |
| 1995–2004 | 3.7 (3.4 to 4.0) | 5.9 (5.6 to 6.3) | — | |
| 2005–2011 | 4.0 (3.7 to 4.4) | — | — | |
| 25–29 | <.001 | |||
| 1975–1984 | 6.9 (6.3 to 7.6) | 10.9 (10.2 to 11.7) | 18.2 (17.2 to 19.1) | |
| 1985–1994 | 5.6 (5.1 to 6.1) | 9.0 (8.4 to 9.6) | 15.2 (14.5 to 16.0) | |
| 1995–2004 | 4.6 (4.3 to 4.9) | 7.5 (7.1 to 7.9) | — | |
| 2005–2011 | 4.4 (4.0 to 4.9) | — | — | |
| 30–34 | <.001 | |||
| 1975–1984 | 8.4 (7.8 to 9.0) | 13.3 (12.6 to 14.0) | 21.9 (21.0 to 22.8) | |
| 1985–1994 | 7.2 (6.7 to 7.6) | 11.4 (10.9 to 12.0) | 19.1 (18.4 to 19.8) | |
| 1995–2004 | 5.8 (5.5 to 6.1) | 9.5 (9.2 to 9.9) | — | |
| 2005–2011 | 5.5 (5.1 to 5.8) | — | — | |
| 35–39 | <.001 | |||
| 1975–1984 | 10.8 (10.2 to 11.4) | 17.0 (16.2 to 17.7) | 28.4 (27.5 to 29.2) | |
| 1985–1994 | 8.67 (8.3 to 9.1) | 13.7 (13.2 to 14.2) | 23.7 (23.0 to 24.3) | |
| 1995–2004 | 7.5 (7.2 to 7.7) | 12.4 (12.0 to 12.7) | — | |
| 2005–2011 | 6.5 (6.2 to 6.9) | — | — | |
| Sex | ||||
| Women | <.001 | |||
| 1975–1984 | 8.3 (7.9 to 8.7) | 12.9 (12.4 to 13.4) | 21.0 (20.4 to 21.6) | |
| 1985–1994 | 6.8 (6.6 to 7.1) | 10.9 (10.5 to 11.2) | 18.2 (17.7 to 18.6) | |
| 1995–2004 | 6.0 (5.8 to 6.2) | 9.8 (9.5 to 10.0) | — | |
| 2005–2011 | 5.4 (5.1 to 5.6) | — | — | |
| Men | <.001 | |||
| 1975–1984 | 8.3 (7.8 to 8.8) | 13.3 (12.7 to 13.9) | 23.3 (22.5 to 24.0) | |
| 1985–1994 | 7.2 (6.8 to 7.5) | 11.4 (10.9 to 11.8) | 20.2 (19.6 to 20.8) | |
| 1995–2004 | 5.8 (5.6 to 6.1) | 9.7 (9.4 to 10.0) | — | |
| 2005–2011 | 5.6 (5.2 to 5.9) | — | — | |
| Race | ||||
| White | <.001 | |||
| 1975–1984 | 8.1 (7.8 to 8.4) | 12.7 (12.3 to 13.1) | 21.1 (20.6 to 21.6) | |
| 1985–1994 | 6.6 (6.4 to 6.9) | 10.5 (10.2 to 10.8) | 18.0 (17.6 to 18.4) | |
| 1995–2004 | 5.6 (5.4 to 5.7) | 9.2 (9.0 to 9.4) | — | |
| 2005–2011 | 5.1 (4.9 to 5.3) | — | — | |
| Black | <.001 | |||
| 1975–1984 | 12.0 (10.7 to 13.3) | 18.8 (17.3 to 20.4) | 31.6 (29.7 to 33.5) | |
| 1985–1994 | 11.9 (10.8 to 12.9) | 18.5 (17.3 to 19.8) | 31.1 (29.5 to 32.7) | |
| 1995–2004 | 9.5 (8.9 to 10.1) | 15.2 (14.4 to 16.0) | — | |
| 2005–2011 | 8.9 (8.1 to 9.7) | — | — | |
| Other/unknown | <.001 | |||
| 1975–1984 | 7.0 (5.9 to 8.2) | 11.4 (10.0 to 13.0) | 19.9 (18.1 to 21.8) | |
| 1985–1994 | 6.1 (5.3 to 6.8) | 9.8 (8.8 to 10.8) | 17.5 (16.2 to 18.8) | |
| 1995–2004 | 5.5 (5.1 to 6.0) | 9.3 (8.7 to 9.9) | — | |
| 2005–2011 | 5.1 (4.6 to 5.7) | — | — | |
*
From log-rank test comparing overall survival. All tests were two-sided. AYA = adolescents and young adults; CI = confidence interval.