Table 1.
Characteristics of the cohort of individuals with oral leukoplakia in KPNC, 1997–2012
| Patients with oral leukoplakia (n = 4886)n (%)* | Patients with oral leukoplakia not biopsied (n = 2998)n (%)† | Patients with oral leukoplakia who were biopsied (n = 1888)n (%)† | P for not biopsied vs biopsied‡ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y§ | .003 | |||
| <40 | 585 (12.0) | 389 (66.5) | 196 (33.5) | |
| 40–49 | 841 (17.2) | 518 (61.6) | 323 (38.4) | |
| 50–59 | 1250 (25.6) | 716 (57.3) | 534 (42.7) | |
| 60–69 | 1185 (24.3) | 739 (62.4) | 446 (37.6) | |
| 70+ | 1025 (21.0) | 636 (62.0) | 389 (38.0) | |
| Sex | 0.68 | |||
| Male | 2784 (57.0) | 1701 (61.1) | 1083 (38.9) | |
| Female | 2102 (43.0) | 1297 (61.7) | 805 (38.3) | |
| Race or ethnicity | 0.01 | |||
| White, non-Hispanic | 3400 (69.6) | 2102 (61.8) | 1298 (38.2) | |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 207 (4.2) | 123 (59.4) | 84 (40.6) | |
| Hispanic | 446 (9.1) | 279 (62.2) | 167 (37.4) | |
| Asian | 538 (11.0) | 297 (55.2) | 241 (44.8) | |
| Other or unknown | 295 (6.0) | 197 (66.8) | 98 (33.2) | |
| Ever smoking‖ | 0.03 | |||
| No | 2808 (57.5) | 1759 (61.6) | 1049 (37.4) | |
| Yes | 2078 (42.5) | 1239 (59.6) | 839 (40.4) | |
| Alcohol abuse or dependence¶ | 0.17 | |||
| No | 4633 (94.8) | 2853 (61.6) | 1780 (38.4) | |
| Yes | 253 (5.2) | 145 (57.3) | 108 (42.7) | |
| HIV serostatus# | <0.001 | |||
| Negative | 4713 (96.5) | 2843 (60.3) | 1870 (39.7) | |
| Positive | 173 (3.5) | 155 (89.6) | 18 (10.4) | |
| Diagnosed by ENT | <0.001 | |||
| No | 1685 (34.5) | 1196 (71.0) | 489 (29.0) | |
| Yes | 3201 (65.5) | 1802 (56.3) | 1399 (43.7) |
*
Column percentages. ENT = ear, nose, and throat clinician; HIV = human immunodeficiency virus; KPNC = Kaiser Permanente Northern California.
†
Row percentages.
‡
χ2P value comparing patients who did not receive a biopsy of leukoplakia vs those who received a biopsy of oral leukoplakia.
§
Age at precancer diagnosis.
‖
Report of being a current or former smoker in the medical records at any time during follow-up.
¶
Report of alcohol abuse or dependence in the medical records at any time during follow-up.
#
HIV serostatus at any time during follow-up.