Figure 1.

Top: Greater increase in physical activity (as measured by the Paffenbarger questionnaire) was associated with greater cognitive composite scores among those with a cardiovascular disease (CVD) clinical history prior to randomization but not among those without (interaction P-value = 0.0170). Bottom: Greater reduction in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) over follow-up was associated with better Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) scores among those with a CVD clinical history but not among those without (interaction P-value = 0.0336). Raw values are presented with unadjusted slopes for each group.