Table 1.
Participant characteristics at the time of randomization, broken out by randomization group
| Intensive Lifestyle Intervention (N = 554) | Diabetes Support and Education (N = 536) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean ± SD, years | 58.5 ± 6.8 | 58.2 ± 6.6 | 0.4583 |
| Gender, No. (%) | 0.9796 | ||
| Male | 228 (41.2%) | 221 (41.2%) | |
| Female | 326 (58.8%) | 315 (58.8%) | |
| Race, No. (%) | 0.6505 | ||
| African American | 113 (20.4%) | 111 (20.7%) | |
| American Indian | 5 (0.9%) | 2 (0.4%) | |
| Hispanic | 18 (3.2%) | 23 (4.3%) | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 404 (72.9%) | 383 (71.5%) | |
| Other | 14 (2.5%) | 17 (3.2%) | |
| Education, No. (%) | 0.0482 | ||
| High school | 281 (50.7%) | 280 (52.2%) | |
| College graduate | 133 (24.0%) | 112 (20.9%) | |
| Postcollege | 123 (22.2%) | 110 (20.5%) | |
| Othera | 17 (3.1%) | 34 (6.3%) | |
| BMI, mean ± SD, kg/m2 | 35.6 ± 5.9 | 35.9 ± 5.7 | 0.3515 |
| Obesity group (kg/m2), No. (%) | 0.0283 | ||
| BMI < 30kg/m2 | 99 (17.9%) | 70 (13.1%) | |
| BMI ≥ 30kg/m2 | 455 (82.1%) | 466 (86.9%) | |
| Paffenbarger, mean ± SD, kcal/week | 780.5 ± 958.8 | 853.1 ± 1070 | 0.3325 |
| HbA1c, mean ± SD, % | 7.2 ± 1.1 | 7.2 ± 1.1 | 0.8112 |
| Glucose, mean ± SD, mg/dL | 150.1 ± 45.8 | 149.5 ± 42.1 | 0.8098 |
| Prior CVD, No. (%) | 0.0320 | ||
| No | 471 (85.0%) | 479 (89.4%) | |
| Yes | 83 (15.0%) | 57 (10.6%) | |
| Time from randomization to first cognitive test | 8.6 ± 1.0 | 8.6 ± 1.0 | 0.7968 |
| Time between last analyzed physiological measurement and first cognitive test | 1.6 ± 1.1 | 1.7 ± 1.1 | 0.3363 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CVD, cardiovascular disease; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; SD, standard deviation.
a “Other” educational attainment referred to a highest level of educational attainment that was less than a high school diploma or general education development (GED), or did not fit into any of the following categories: high school diploma or equivalency (GED), some vocational school, some college, associate degree (junior college), Bachelor’s degree, some graduate school, Master’s degree, doctorate, professional (MD, JD, DDS, etc.).