Table 1.
Comparison of Baseline Characteristics Between Participants With and Without Incident Dementia in 6 Years.
| Incident Dementia | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline Characteristics | No (n = 14,227) | Yes (n = 1349) | p Value |
| Age, mean (SD) | 74.3 (4.8) | 76.4 (5.2) | <.001 |
| Female, n (%) | 8,965 (63.0) | 980 (72.6) | <.001 |
| No schooling received, n (%) | 3,659 (25.7) | 511 (37.9) | <.001 |
| On social welfare, n (%) | 1,780 (12.5) | 195 (14.5) | .04 |
| Cataract, n (%) | 9,063 (63.7) | 915 (67.8) | .003 |
| Glaucoma, n (%) | 492 (3.5) | 52 (3.9) | .45 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 2,112 (14.8) | 246 (18.2) | .001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 9,081 (63.8) | 943 (69.9) | <.001 |
| Hypercholesterolemia, n (%) | 6,001 (42.2) | 584 (43.3) | .43 |
| Heart disease, n (%) | 1,575 (11.1) | 188 (13.9) | .001 |
| Obesity, n (%) | 5,390 (37.9) | 526 (39.0) | .43 |
| Hearing impairment, n (%) | 3,195 (22.5) | 337 (25.0) | .03 |
| Poor mobility, n (%) | 988 (6.9) | 168 (12.5) | <.001 |
| Depression, n (%) | 517 (3.6) | 73 (5.4) | .001 |
| Physical exercises, n (%) | 7,208 (50.7) | 550 (40.8) | <.001 |
| Intellectual activities, n (%) | 9,518 (66.9) | 684 (50.7) | <.001 |
| Social activities, n (%) | 11,049 (77.7) | 1,065 (78.9) | .28 |
| Adequate intake of fruits and vegetables, n (%) | 7,110 (50.0) | 622 (46.1) | .007 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 699 (4.9) | 59 (4.4) | .38 |
| Visual acuity in LogMAR, mean (SD) | 0.46 (0.16) | 0.51 (0.17) | <.001 |