Figure 3.

Examination of the substances from each extraction separated by TLC. We separated each substance with chloroform:methanol, 20:1 (v/v) for n-hexane ext., and 10:1 (v/v) for CHCl₃ ext., chloroform:methanol:distilled water = 6: 4: 1 (v/v) for MeOH ext. as the developing solvents on TLC. (a) hexane extract from each sample, (b) chloroform extract, (c) methanol extract. 1, frass from P. trifoliata; 2, pupa from P. trifoliata; 3, leaves from P. trifoliata; 4, frass from Z. piperitum; 5, leaves from Z. piperitum; 6, frass from C. sudachi; 7, leaves from C. sudachi; 8, frass from C. natsudaidai; 9, leaves from C. natsudaidai; 10, frass from C. junos; 11, leaves from C. junos; 12, Auraptene.