Table 2.

Averaged experimental values of charge transfer resistance (${\text{R}}_{\mathrm{et}}$) and percentage errors for each component when added to the immobilisation layer.

Layer	${\text{R}}_{\mathrm{et}}$, Z’ ($\mathrm{\Omega }$)	Error / (%)
Au	438.90 ± 126.84	7.6728
Au+MPA	1142.10 ± 222.74	1.7364
Au+MPA+Apt1	841.76 ± 411.50	3.1860
Au+MPA+Apt1+0.26 μg/mL EV	1026.70 ± 405.51	2.0341
Au+MPA+Apt1+1.3 μg/mL EV	1198.40 ± 410.08	1.5134
Au+MPA+Apt1+6.5 μg/mL EV	2040.80 ± 502.28	0.4247