TABLE 2.
Select Clinical Trials Showing the Efficacy of Antidiabetic Drugs to Treat Prediabetes
| Trial | Intervention | Duration | Results |
|---|---|---|---|
| DPP (79) | Lifestyle (7% weight loss and 150 minutes of moderate exercise/week) or metformin | 5 years | Reduction in diabetes incidence of 58% with lifestyle modification and 31% with metformin |
| IDPP (80) | Lifestyle intervention or metformin | 3 years | NNT of 6.4 with lifestyle intervention and 6.9 with metformin |
| STOP-NIDDM (81) | Acarbose | 3.3 years | 25% reduction in diabetes incidence |
| ACT NOW (82) | Pioglitazone | 2.5 years | 72% reduction in diabetes incidence |
| DREAM (83) | Rosiglitazone | 3 years | 60% reduction in diabetes incidence |
| CANOE (84) | Rosiglitazone and metformin | 3.9 years | 66% relative risk reduction in diabetes incidence and NNT of 4 |
| Dapagliflozin once-daily and exenatide once-weekly dual therapy: a 24-week randomized, placebo-controlled, phase II study (85) | Dapagliflozin and exenatide | 24 weeks | 50% reversal to normal glucose tolerance |
| Bariatric surgery (86) | Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding | 4 years | 75% reduction in diabetes incidence |
NNT, number needed to treat to prevent one case of diabetes.