Table 1.

Association with transcriptional factor (TF).

lncRNAs	Cancer type	Functions and phenotype	References
lncSOX4	Liver cancer	Recruits transcriptional factor STAT3 to the promoter of SOX4 gene for SOX4 activation, promotes hepatocellular carcinoma development	[22]
HOXC-AS3	Gastric cancer	Induces transcriptional factor YBX1 to the target genes’ promoters that contain CCAAT-box, activatess cancer cell proliferation and migration.	[23]
HOTAIR	Breast cancer	Serves as a scaffold to form a complex with HBXIP, c-myc and LSD1, activates transcription of c-myc target genes and drives carcinogenesis.	[27]
PCAT19-long	Prostate cancer	Recruits HNRNPAB and other transcription factors to upregulate cell-cycle genes, promotes cell proliferation, migration and invasion.	[30]
CCAT1	Squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs)	Acts as a scaffold, forms a complex with TP63 and SOX2, activates the expression of EGFR, MEK/ERK1/2 and PI3K/AKT cell signal. It promotes SCC cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo	[33]
SLNCR	Melanoma	Recruits AR to EGR1-bound genomic loci and switches EGR1-mediated transcriptional activation of p21Waf1/Cip1 to repressive status, promotes the development of melanoma	[34]
PCAT1	Prostate cancer	Recruits AR and LSD1 to the enhancers of androgen late-response genes, promotes prostate cancer development.	[35]
MALAT1	Breast cancer	Serves as a decoy to interact TEAD preventing TEAD from associating with its co-activator YAP and target gene promoters, suppresses cell metastasis.	[37]
GAS5	Breast cancer	Acts as a decoy of GRE, prevents GR binding to GRE, controls cell apoptosis and inhibits breast cancer development.	[38,39]
MALAT1	Liver cancer	Acts as a RNA decoy and releases DBC1 from SIRT1 to activate the enzymatic activity of SIRT1. It promotes deacetylation of p53 and cell proliferation and inhibits cell apoptosis.	[40]