Table 4.
Univariable and Multivariable Cox Regression Analyses in Predicting Overall Survival
| Variables | HR Comparison | UV HR (95% CI) | UV P value | MV HR (95% CI) | MV P value * |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | > 60 vs ≤ 60 years | 0.897 (0.698–1.152) | 0.395 | ||
| Sex | Male vs Female | 1.054 (0.777–1.430) | 0.395 | ||
| ASA score | > 2 vs ≤ 2 | 0.967 (0.714–1.309) | 0.829 | ||
| HBV (+) | Yes vs No | 1.376 (0.937–2.022) | 0.104 | ||
| HCV (+) | Yes vs No | 1.307 (0.717–2.383) | 0.382 | ||
| Cirrhosis | Yes vs No | 1.660 (1.307 −2.109) | < 0.001 | NS | 0.213 |
| Portal hypertension | Yes vs No | 1.408 (1.148–1.726) | 0.001 | 1.296 (1.108–1.701) | 0.041 |
| Preoperative hemoglobin | < 110 vs ≥ 110 g/L | 1.641 (1.117–2.411) | 0.012 | NS | 0.909 |
| Preoperative platelet | < 100 vs ≥ 100 × 109/L | 1.217 (1.042–1.326) | 0.009 | NS | 0.276 |
| Preoperative bilirubin | > 17.1 vs ≤ 17.1 μmol/L | 1.359 (1.105–1.673) | 0.004 | NS | 0.114 |
| Preoperative albumin-to-globulin ratio | IAGR (< 1) vs NAGR (≥ 1) | 1.736 (1.383–2.181) | < 0.001 | 1.444 (1.125–1.854) | 0.004 |
| Preoperative ALT | > 40 vs ≤ 40 U/L | 1.279 (1.045–1.565) | 0.017 | NS | 0.625 |
| Preoperative AST | > 40 vs ≤ 40 U/L | 1.425 (1.129–1.639) | < 0.001 | NS | 0.109 |
| Preoperative INR | < 1.17 vs ≥ 1.17 | 1.601 (1.310–1.955) | 0.173 | ||
| Preoperative creatinine | > 80 vs ≤ 80 μmol/L | 1.003 (0.997–1.009) | 0.338 | ||
| Preoperative AFP | > 400 vs ≤ 400 μg/L | 1.659 (1.356–2.028) | < 0.001 | 1.311 (1.058–1.624) | 0.013 |
| Maximum tumor size | > 5.0 cm vs ≤ 5.0 cm | 2.015 (1.650–2.462) | < 0.001 | 1.464 (1.148–1.867) | 0.002 |
| Tumor number | Multiple vs Solitary | 2.122 (1.694–2.656) | < 0.001 | 1.151 (0.804–1.649) | 0.441 |
| Macrovascular invasion | Yes vs No | 2.388 (1.468–3.886) | < 0.001 | 2.761 (1.860–3.925) | < 0.001 |
| Microvascular invasion | Yes vs No | 1.803 (1.473–2.206) | < 0.001 | 1.076 (0.857–1.350) | 0.005 |
| Satellite nodules | Yes vs No | 2.413 (1.942–2.998) | < 0.001 | NS | 0.528 |
| Tumor differentiation | Poor vs Well/moderate | 1.769 (1.352–2.314) | < 0.001 | NS | 0.166 |
| Tumor encapsulation | Incomplete vs Complete | 1.812 (1.472–2.232) | < 0.001 | NS | 0.193 |
| Intraoperative blood loss | > 400 vs ≤ 400 mL | 1.588 (1.276–1.903) | < 0.001 | NS | 0.181 |
| Intraoperative blood transfusion | Yes vs No | 1.842 (1.463–2.319) | < 0.001 | NS | 0.089 |
| Extent of hepatectomy | Major vs Minor | 1.819 (1.458–2.270) | < 0.001 | NS | 0.435 |
| Type of resection | Non-anatomical vs Anatomical | 0.883 (0.703–1.107) | 0.280 | ||
| Resection margin | < 1 vs ≥ 1 cm | 2.271 (1.858–2.775) | < 0.001 | NS | 0.153 |
Note: *Those variables found significant at P < 0.1 in univariable analyses were entered into multivariable Cox regression analyses.
Abbreviations: AFP, alpha-fetoprotein; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; AST, aspartate transaminase; CI, confidence interval; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HR, hazard ratio; IAGR, inversed albumin-to-globulin ratio; INR, international normalized ratio; MV, multivariable; NAGR, normal albumin-to-globulin ratio; NS, not significant; UV, univariable.