Table 7.

Summary of the History topic.

Sub-theme	Papers	Findings	What can be learned	Lessons for Governments	Further study for research
History	Reichmuth (2010)	•Describes in general the 1920 waqf document collection in the national archives of Uzbekistan in Tashkent (CGA). It is compared with the existing and available waqf information.	•The vital role of waqf in the past can be the role model for current waqf development.	•Waqf has played an important role in the past; however, many waqf assets were destroyed because of colonialism. To gain people's awareness of its impact, the government must establish a historical focus on awqaf, which can be in the form of waqf documents, archives, pictures, stories, and others, and would be an important resource for further studies.	•To the best of the author's knowledge, no single study was undertaken during the golden age of Islam on the issue of waqf and government revenue. This is a potentially important resource for the government as an alternative to taking out loans.
	Çizakça (2015)	•Waqf research on historical perspective until today exists nowadays and is developed.
	Khalfan and Ogura (2012)	•Analyzed the management aspect of how to conserve the historical building in Zanzibar with Islamic waqf and found that good management systems can protect it from external threats.
	Igarashi (2019)	•Waqf system has multidimensions and complex functions after analyzing waqf documents by Qijmās al-Isḥāqī.