TABLE 1.
(a) Components of the Splenda control microbiome (bacteria OTUs represent genera, family, or cluster‐based on calls by the SILVA ribosomal RNA gene database) ranked by abundance (mean%; gray highlight)
| Bacteria | Abundance | Correlations | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus/family/cluster | Splenda | Non‐DKO | Metron | Vanco | Strep | Pathology |
| Lactobacillus | 44.6 | 39.54 | 55.97 | 43.4 | 1.77 | 0.506 |
| Clostridiaceae‐1 | 26.37 | 25.05 | 12.8 | 0.1 | 0.11 | 0.455 |
| Ureaplasma | 6.3 | 0.64 | 2.19 | 0.107 | 32.38 | −0.294 |
| Sporacetigenium | 3.76 | 0.68 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.343 |
| Bacteroides | 1.81 | 0.45 | 0.1 | 0.349 | 4.4 | −0.227 |
| Helicobacter | 1.22 | 0.14 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.17 | 0.378 |
| Escherichia/Shigella | 0.949 | 0.11 | 10.62 | 44.9 | 0.1 | −0.224 |
| Parasutterella | 0.656 | 0.46 | 6.12 | 1.23 | 11.73 | −0.266 |
| Streptococcus | 0.507 | 0.26 | 0.33 | 0.1 | 0.133 | 0.403 |
| Turicibacter | 0.477 | 0.32 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.308 |
| Dorea | 0.465 | 0.34 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.113 | 0.088 |
| Staphylococcus | 0.417 | 1.34 | 0.14 | 0.19 | 0.159 | 0.144 |
| Roseburia | 0.39 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.085 |
| Barnesiella | 0.33 | 8.33 | 0.348 | 0.1 | 1.4 | −0.178 |
| Lachnospiraceae | 0.266 | 0.27 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.104 | 0.183 |
| Pasteurellaceae | 0.26 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.435 |
| Alistipes | 0.21 | 0.28 | 0 | 0 | 0.001 | 0.174 |
| Ruminococcaceae | 0.19 | 0.44 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.139 |
| Allobaculum | 0.16 | 0.03 | 0.07 | 0 | 20.63 | −0.314 |
| Desulfovibrio | 0.11 | 1.31 | 0 | 0 | 0.0002 | 0.175 |
| Porphyromonadaceae | 0.11 | 1.17 | 0 | 0 | 0.58 | −0.299 |
| Bifidobacteriaceae | 0.11 | 0.016 | 5.86 | 0 | 0.79 | 0.099 |
| Enterococcus | 0.1 | 0.01 | 2.65 | 0.00065 | 0.044 | 0.044 |
| Akkermansia | 0 | 0.0003 | 0.25 | 0 | 0 | 0.122 |
|
Total abundance |
89.77 | 82.4 | 98.36 | 91.29 |
75.12 |
|
| Pathology parameters | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pathology parameters | Splenda | Non‐DKO | Metron | Vanco | Strep |
| Score | 5.5 | 0.25 | 3.5 | 2 | 2 |
| Apoptosis | 0.34 | 0.04 | 0.39 | 0.38 | 0.24 |
| Exfoliation | 5.53 | 0 | 2.5 | 0.65 | 0.77 |
| Paneth cells | 0.09 | 0.8 | 0.21 | 0.4 | 0.44 |
| Crypt density | 35 | 44.7 | 36.2 | 40.4 | 42.2 |
| Abscesses | 0.1 | 0 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 |
Mean abundances for the non‐DKO mice and antibiotic‐treated mice (metron—metronidazole; vanco—vancomycin; and strep—streptomycin) are listed in adjacent columns. The last set of values (correlations) represent the average of the correlation coefficients for the pathology parameters listed in (b) for each mouse's pathology parameters versus the abundance of the OTUs for each mouse; all coefficients converted to positive values when larger OTU abundance is associated with greater pathology and converted to all negative values when larger OTU abundance is associated with less pathology. In (b), the median pathology score, the median level of crypt exfoliation, the median of the fraction of crypts with Paneth cells, the median value for crypt abscesses, and mean value for crypt apoptosis are listed.