Table 1.
Univariate analysis comparing survivors and non-survivors at 30 days from infection onset
| Variables | Survivors n = 79 (%) |
Non-survivors n = 101 (%) |
P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Anamnestic factors | |||
| Age, mean ± SD (years) | 62.5 ± 17.8 | 65.8 ± 14.6 | 0.175 |
| Male sex | 55 (69.6) | 67 (66.3) | 0.748 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Chronic liver disease | 4 (5.1) | 4 (4) | 0.732 |
| Neoplasm | 10 (12.7) | 16 (15.8) | 0.67 |
| Diabetes | 26 (32.9) | 28 (27.7) | 0.513 |
| Chronic heart disease | 18 (22.8) | 33 (32.7) | 0.183 |
| Chronic renal disease/hemodialysis | 9 (11.4) | 15 (14.9) | 0.659 |
| COPD | 39 (49.4) | 37 (36.6) | 0.096 |
| Neurologic disease | 3 (3.8) | 8 (7.9) | 0.588 |
| > 2 comorbidities | 33 (41.8) | 43 (42.6) | 1.0 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index, mean ± SD | 5.4 ± 3.1 | 7 ± 3.4 | 0.268 |
| Previous hospitalization (90 days) | 37 (46.8) | 42 (41.6) | 0.546 |
| Previous ICU admission (90 days) | 9 (11.4) | 12 (11.9) | 1.0 |
| Previous surgery (30 days) | 15 (19) | 27 (26.7) | 0.22 |
| Previous antibiotic therapy (30 days) | 47 (59.5) | 65 (64.4) | 0.538 |
| Previous Acinetobacter spp colonization/infection | 9 (11.4) | 13 (12.9) | 0.822 |
| Clinical and laboratory findings | |||
| Acinetobacter colonization prior infection | 9 (11.4) | 11 (10.9) | 1.0 |
| Fever | 40 (50.6) | 46 (45.5) | 0.549 |
| SAPS II at time of infection onset, mean ± SD | 41.9 ± 15.4 | 45.7 ± 14.2 | 0.089 |
| SOFA at time of infection onset, mean ± SD | 6.3 ± 3.5 | 7.4 ± 3.2 | 0.131 |
| Previous MDR infections during hospital stay | 22 (27.8) | 32 (31.7) | 0.625 |
| PCT at time of infection onset, mean ± SD | 7.6 ± 3.9 | 7.8 ± 5.9 | 0.96 |
| Lactate, mmol/l, mean ± SD | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 2.1 ± 2.2 | 0.441 |
| Endoscopy procedure | 9 (11.4) | 21 (20.8) | 0.109 |
| Steroid therapy | 46 (58.2) | 51 (50.5) | 0.366 |
| Septic shock | 43 (54.4) | 76 (75.2) | 0.004 |
| Secondary bacteremia | 22 (27.8) | 83 (82.2) | < 0.001 |
| Non-antibiotic therapies and outcomes | |||
| Cardiovascular events after infection onset | 23 (29.1) | 46 (45.5) | 0.031 |
| NIV | 26 (32.9) | 30 (29.7) | 0.746 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 18 (22.7) | 33 (32.6) | 0.156 |
| CRRT | 7 (8.8) | 13 (12.8) | 0.362 |
| Length of hospitalization, mean ± SD (days) | 33.5 ± 18.4 | 31.2 ± 24 | 0.483 |
| Length of ICU stay, mean ± SD (days) | 25.7 ± 17.8 | 25 ± 23.5 | 0.836 |
SD standard deviation, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ICU intensive care unit, NIV non-invasive ventilation, CRRT continuous renal replacement therapy, MDR multidrug-resistant, PCT procalcitonin, CRP c-reactive protein, SAPS simplified acute physiology score, SOFA sequential organ failure assessment
Bold values indicate statistical significance (p ≤ 0.05)