Table 3.
Univariate analysis comparing patients treated with a fosfomycin-containing regimen or other antibiotic regimens in definitive therapy
| Variables | Other antibiotic regimens n = 136 (%) |
Fosfomycin-containing regimen n = 44 (%) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Anamnestic factors | |||
| Age, mean ± SD (years) | 63.8 ± 16.2 | 66.3 ± 16.1 | 0.375 |
| Male sex | 91 (66.9) | 31 (70.5) | 0.714 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Chronic liver disease | 6 (4.4) | 2 (4.5) | 1.0 |
| Neoplasm | 21 (15.4) | 5 (11.4) | 0.626 |
| Diabetes | 40 (29.4) | 14 (31.8) | 0.85 |
| Chronic heart disease | 37 (27.2) | 14 (31.8) | 0.568 |
| Chronic renal disease/hemodialysis | 18 (13.2) | 6 (13.6) | 1.0 |
| COPD | 49 (36) | 27 (61.4) | 0.005 |
| Neurologic disease | 10 (7.3) | 1 (2.2) | 0.489 |
| > 2 comorbidities | 60 (44.1) | 16 (36.4) | 0.386 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index, mean ± SD | 5.6 ± 1.8 | 6.3 ± 1.6 | 0.76 |
| Previous hospitalization (90 days) | 58 (42.6) | 21 (47.7) | 0.602 |
| Previous ICU admission (90 days) | 16 (11.8) | 5 (11.4) | 1.0 |
| Previous surgery (30 days) | 31 (22.8) | 11 (25) | 0.838 |
| Previous antibiotic therapy (30 days) | 83 (61) | 29 (65.9) | 0.596 |
| Previous Acinetobacter spp colonization/infection | 16 (11.8) | 6 (13.6) | 0.792 |
| Clinical and laboratory findings | |||
| Acinetobacter colonization prior infection | 15 (11) | 5 (11.4) | 1.0 |
| Fever | 64 (47.1) | 22 (50) | 0.862 |
| SAPS II at time of infection onset, mean ± SD | 44.1 ± 15.3 | 43.9 ± 13.2 | 0.952 |
| SOFA at time of infection onset, mean ± SD | 7 ± 3.3 | 6.2 ± 3.4 | 0.398 |
| Previous MDR infections during hospital stay | 50 (36.8) | 4 (9.1) | < 0.001 |
| PCT at time of infection onset, mean ± SD | 6 ± 4.5 | 10.9 ± 7.3 | 0.229 |
| Lactate, mmol/l, mean ± SD | 1.8 ± 0.9 | 3.3 ± 1.9 | 0.01 |
| Endoscopy procedure | 27 (19.9) | 3 (6.8) | 0.061 |
| Steroid therapy | 69 (50.7) | 28 (63.6) | 0.165 |
| Septic shock | 90 (66.2) | 29 (65.9) | 1.0 |
| Secondary bacteremia | 84 (61.8) | 21 (47.7) | 0.115 |
| Non-antibiotic therapies and outcomes | |||
| Cardiovascular events after infection onset | 55 (40.4) | 14 (31.8) | 0.374 |
| NIV | 42 (30.9) | 14 (31.8) | 1.0 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 41 (30.1) | 10 (22.7) | 0.434 |
| CRRT | 17 (12.6) | 3 (6.8) | 0.623 |
| Length of hospitalization, mean ± SD (days) | 32.6 ± 23.2 | 31 ± 16.6 | 0.811 |
| Length of ICU stay, mean ± SD (days) | 26.5 ± 22.7 | 21.8 ± 15.6 | 0.212 |
| Time to initial definitive therapy, mean ± SD (days) | 4.1 ± 1.7 | 3.6 ± 1.9 | 0.092 |
| 30-day mortality | 94 (69.1) | 7 (15.9) | < 0.001 |
SD standard deviation, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ICU intensive care unit, NIV non-invasive ventilation, CRRT continuous renal replacement therapy, MDR multidrug-resistant, PCT procalcitonin, CRP c-reactive protein, SAPS simplified acute physiology score, SOFA sequential organ failure assessment
Bold values indicate statistical significance (p ≤ 0.05)