Table 2.

MS2 and φ6 recovery ratio of each method (primary concentration + RNA extraction).

Raw sewage	Primary concentration	RNA extraction kit	MS2			φ6
			Meana	SDb	Meanc (%)	Meana	SDb	Meanc (%)
A	UF	QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit	−0.58	0.53	26.1	−1.19	0.58	6.4
	EMV	QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit	−1.02	0.30	9.5	−0.68	0.40	21.0
	EMV	TRIzol	−1.33	0.30	4.6	−1.55	0.79	2.8
	PEG	QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit	−0.39	0.18	40.8	−1.85	0.35	1.4
	PEG	TRIzol	−0.28	0.28	52.4	−0.38	0.13	41.6
B	UF	QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit	−0.56	0.26	27.6	−0.60	0.25	25.0
	UF	TRIzol	−1.08	0.19	8.4	−0.86	0.46	13.8
	EMV	QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit	−2.02	0.46	1.0	−1.01	0.42	9.7
	EMV	TRIzol	−2.32	0.10	0.5	−2.05	0.15	0.9
	PEG	QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit	−0.29	0.24	51.4	−1.56	0.14	2.8
	PEG	TRIzol	−0.11	0.13	77.6	−0.53	0.23	29.8
C	UF	QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit	−0.78	0.44	16.5	−0.45	0.20	35.8
	UF	TRIzol	−1.26	0.10	5.2	−0.52	0.31	30.0
	EMV	QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit	−1.47	0.70	3.4	−1.80	0.22	1.6
	EMV	TRIzol	−2.58	0.07	0.3	−2.33	0.51	0.5
	PEG	QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit	−0.57	0.13	27.0	−1.53	0.09	3.0
	PEG	TRIzol	−0.56	0.05	27.5	−0.30	0.31	49.8

^aMean values of log whole process recovery ratio.

^bStandard deviation of log whole process recovery ratio.

^cAnti-logarithm of mean values of log whole process recovery ratio.