Table 2.

Significance of various ES’s flowing from Bohal Spring-shed as perceived by the villagers (based on 0–10 score)

ESS	Sub-types	Score ± SE
Provisioning (12)	Green fodder	9.36 ± 0.20
	Dry fodder	8.33 ± 0.29
	Water	5.27 ± 0.44
	Wild food	1.55 ± 0.21
	Aromatic herbs	0.79 ± 0.09
	Medicinal plants	1.59 ± 0.22
	Bamboo for baskets/mats	3.76 ± 0.35
	Wood for agricultural implements	1.35 ± 0.19
	Timber for houses	0.76 ± 0.07
	Poles for fencing	3.45 ± 0.36
	Grass for broom/ropes	0.47 ± 0.07
	Fuel wood	9.82 ± 0.04
Regulating (9)	Spring recharge	9.19 ± 0.15
	Regulate soil erosion	7.49 ± 0.35
	Purify air	8.94 ± 0.14
	Purify water	7.21 ± 0.34
	Soil moisture	5.98 ± 0.35
	Soil fertility	6.8 ± 0.31
	Regulate local rain/snow fall	8.35 ± 0.21
	Habitat for wild animals	8.89 ± 0.15
	Regeneration of native species/nursery function	8.42 ± 0.18
Cultural (4)	Temple of a local deity	5.94 ± 0.35
	Satisfaction for pure environment	6.76 ± 0.32
	National/international students visit to study community management	5.076 ± 0.35
	Nature lover	6.53 ± 0.36