Table 3.
Lifestyle factors of cases and controls from all countries (N = 4151)
| Cases (N = 2137) |
Controls (N = 2014) |
||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total N (%) |
Congo (142) |
Honduras (389) |
Madagascar (128) |
Morocco (111) |
Nicaragua (124) |
Philippines (573) |
Vietnam (670) |
Total N (%) |
Congo (282) |
Honduras (528) |
Madagascar (85) |
Morocco (69) |
Nicaragua (47) |
Philippines (353) |
Vietnam (650) |
||
|
Location:* | |||||||||||||||||
| Rural |
1178 (55.1%) |
42 (29.6%) |
208 (53.5%) |
80 (62.5%) |
42 (37.8%) |
67 (54.0%) |
278 (48.5%) |
461 (68.8%) |
604 (30.0%) |
23 (8.2%) |
166 (31.4%) |
25 (29.4%) |
18 (26.1%) |
6 (12.8%) |
116 (32.9%) |
250 (38.5%) |
|
| Urban |
814 (38.1%) |
87 (61.3%) |
159 (40.9%) |
45 (35.2%) |
54 (48.6%) |
51 (41.1%) |
263 (45.9%) |
155 (23.1%) |
1178 (58.5%) |
166 (58.9%) |
324 (61.4%) |
59 (69.4%) |
42 (60.9%) |
28 (59.6%) |
204 (57.8%) |
355 (54.6%) |
|
|
Smoking in the household during pregnancy:† | |||||||||||||||||
| Yes |
941 (44.0%) |
30 (21.1%) |
94 (24.2%) |
53 (41.4%) |
23 (20.7%) |
41 (33.1%) |
307 (53.6%) |
393 (58.7%) |
725 (36.0%) |
29 (10.3%) |
120 (22.7%) |
44 (51.8%) |
15 (21.7%) |
16 (34.0%) |
157 (44.5%) |
344 (52.9%) |
|
|
Cooking indoors:‡ | |||||||||||||||||
| Yes |
1246 (58.3%) |
51 (35.9%) |
241 (62.0%) |
117 (91.4%) |
41 (36.9%) |
68 (54.8%) |
386 (67.4%) |
342 (51.0%) |
728 (36.1%) |
54 (19.1%) |
214 (40.5%) |
83 (97.6%) |
19 (27.5%) |
20 (42.6%) |
160 (45.3%) |
178 (27.4%) |
|
|
Water source before/ during pregnancy:§ | |||||||||||||||||
| Well water |
776 (36.3%) |
19 (13.4%) |
122 (31.4%) |
48 (37.5%) |
15 (13.5%) |
40 (32.3%) |
167 (29.1%) |
365 (54.5%) |
447 (22.2%) |
4 (1.4%) |
104 (19.7%) |
32 (37.6%) |
7 (10.1%) |
7 (14.9%) |
57 (16.1%) |
236 (36.3%) |
|
| Public water |
622 (29.1%) |
102(71.8%) |
100 (25.7%) |
40 (31.2%) |
83 (74.8%) |
52 (41.9%) |
127 (22.2%) |
118 (17.6%) |
816 (40.5%) |
242 (85.8%) |
119 (22.5%) |
44 (51.8%) |
44 (63.8%) |
28 (59.6%) |
89 (25.2%) |
250 (38.5%) |
|
| River/ lake water | 83 (3.9%) | 5 (3.5%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (1.6%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 32 (5.6%) | 44 (6.6%) | 22 (1.1%) | 1 (0.4%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (2.9%) | 0 (0%) | 12 (3.4%) | 7 (1.1%) |
|
*Missing by country (n cases, n controls): Congo (13,93), Honduras (22,38), Madagascar (3,1), Morocco (15,9), Nicaragua (6,13), Philippines (32,33), Vietnam (54,45).
†Missing by country (n cases, n controls): Congo (3,7), Honduras (1,5), Madagascar (2,0), Morocco (5,2), Nicaragua (1,9), Philippines (21,22), Vietnam (7,5).
‡Missing by country (n cases, n controls): Congo (2,6), Honduras (2,7), Madagascar (3,0), Morocco (2,2), Nicaragua (1,10), Philippines (36,48), Vietnam (13,8).
§Percentages will not add up to 100 because the question allowed multiple responses.