Table 4.
(a) Prevalence of peri-implant tissue health and disease (i.e., peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis at patient and implant level; (b) clinical treatment outcomes in different patient/implant groups
| Frequency distribution of healthy and diseased sites | Patient level (n = 47) | Implant level (n = 64) |
| Healthy | 18 (38.3%) | 31 (48.5%) |
| Intact extraction sockets | 19 (54.3%) | 26 (52%) |
| Non-intact extraction sockets | 3 (33.3%) | 5 (36%) |
| Peri-implant mucositis | 27 (57.5%) | 31 (48.5%) |
| Intact extraction sockets | 14 (40%) | 22 (44%) |
| Non-intact extraction sockets | 6 (55.7%) | 9 (64%) |
| Peri-implantitis | 2 (4.2%) | 2 (3%) |
| Intact extraction sockets | 2 (5.7%) | 2 (4%) |
| Non-intact extraction sockets | 0 | 0 |
| Clinical and radiographic parameters | Patient level (mean ± SD), median | Implant level (mean ± SD), median |
| Plaque index | 0.22 ± 0.32, 0 | 0.28 ± 0.35, 0.5 |
| Health | 0.04 ± 0.11, 0 | 0.09 ± 0.19, 0 |
| Peri-implant mucositis | 0.38 ± 0.34, 0.167 | 0.43 ± 0.35, 0.33 |
| Peri-implantitis | 0.5 ± 0.71, 0.5 | 0.5 ± 0.71, 0.5 |
| Intact extraction sockets | 0.22 ± 0.30, 0.08 | 0.17 ± 0.28, 0 |
| Non-intact extraction sockets | 0.40 ± 0.41, 0.17 | 0.44 ± 0.42, 0.42 |
| Bleeding on probing (%) | 12.77 ± 18.16, 5.55% | 21.09 ± 22.23, 8.33% |
| Health | 0 | 0 |
| Peri-implant mucositis | 24.5% ± 12.59%, 16.67% | 29.57% ± 16.5%, 25.27% |
| Peri-implantitis | 19.44% ± 19.64%, 19.44% | 25% ± 11.79%, 25.0% |
| Intact extraction sockets | 10.87% ± 14.11%, 0% | 13% ± 16.60%, 0% |
| Non-intact extraction sockets | 18.52% ± 19.44%, 16.67% | 22.61% ± 24.11%, 16.67% |
| Probing depth (mm) | 2.41 ± 0.54, 2.33 | 2.49 ± 0.55, 2.0 |
| Health | 2.29 ± 0.52, 2.17 | 2.37 ± 0.51, 2.33 |
| Peri-implant mucositis | 2.59 ± 0.56, 2.67 | 2.59 ± 0.56, 2.67 |
| Peri-implantitis | 2.85 ± 0.33, 2.85 | 2.92 ± 0.59, 2.92 |
| Intact extraction sockets | 2.37 ± 0.58, 2.33 | 2.46 ± 0.56, 2.5 |
| Non-intact extraction sockets | 2.5 ± 0.46, 2.5 | 2.61 ± 0.49, 2.59 |
| Mid-facial KM width (mm) | 4.04 ± 1.32, 4.0 | 3.95 ± 1.35, 4.0 |
| Health | 4.43 ± 1.47, 4.75 | 4.10 ± 1.47, 4.0 |
| Peri-implant mucositis | 3.74 ± 1.09, 3.67 | 3.87 ± 1.23, 3 |
| Peri-implantitis | 3.25 ± 1.06, 3.25 | 3.0 ± 1.41, 3.0 |
| Intact extraction sockets | 3.95 ± 1.34, 4 | 3.84 ± 1.33, 4 |
| Non-intact extraction sockets | 4.53 ± 1.32, 4.67 | 4.36 ± 1.39, 4.5 |