Table 1.
The summary of studies reporting the frequency of VTE complications in COVID-19 patients
| Studies | Study design | No. of pts | Setting | Male | Mean age | Median follow-up | Rates of PE during follow-up | Incidence of VTE | Use of thrombophophylaxis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lodigiani et al. [45] |
R Single center |
388 | ICU and general ward | 58% | 66 | 10 days | 4.4% | 21% | Enoxaparin or nadroparin. ICU, 100%; Ward, 75%. Regimen not specified |
| Poissy et al. [46] |
R Single center |
107 | ICU | 59.1% | 57 | 6 days | 20.6% | 20.4% | 20 out of the 22 PE patients were on prophylactic LMWH or UFH, but exact agents not specified. |
| Klok et al. [47, 48] |
R Multicenter |
184 | ICU | 76% | 64 | 10 days | 37% | 57% | Varied by center. |
| Middeldorp et al. [49] |
R Single center |
198 | ICU and general ward | 66% | 61 | 5 days | 17% |
15% at 7 days 34% at 14 days |
ICU: nadroparin 2850 IU BID if weight < 100 kg, and 5700 IU BID if weight > 100 kg. Ward patients had half this dose |
| Helms et al. [50] |
R Multicenter |
150 | ICU | 81% | 63 | NR | 18% | NR | LMWH (exact agent not specified) 4000 Units per day or UFH 5–8 U/kg/h |
| Llitjos et al. [51] |
R Double center |
26 | ICU | 77% | 68 | NR | 23% | NR | LMWH and UFH were used (exact agents not specified) |
| Thomas et al. [53] |
R Single center |
63 | ICU and general ward | 69% | 59 | 8 days | 9% | 27% | All patients assessed for use of prophylaxis with weight-adjusted dalteparin |
| Leonard-Lorant et al. [54] |
R Double center |
106 | ICU and general ward | 66% | 63.5 | NR | 30% | NR | Anticoagulant not specified. In PE + group, 78% were on prophylactic doses and 6% were on therapeutic doses. |
| Grillet et al. [55] |
R Single center |
100 | ICU and general ward | 70% | 66 | NR | 23% | NR | NR |
| Bompard et al. [58] |
R Double center |
135 | ICU and general ward | 70% | 64 | 5 days | 23.7% |
50% ICU 18% GW |
All patients received standard dose of prophylaxis (Enox 4000 daily in GW, twice daily in obese and ICU patients) |
| Galeano-Valle et al. [90] |
P Single center |
24 | General ward | 58% | 64.3 | 14 days | 6.5% | NR | All patients received standard dose of prophylaxis (enoxaparin 4000 UI daily or bemiparin 3500 UI daily) |
| Hippensteel et al. [91] |
R Single center |
91 | ICU | 58% | 55 | NR | 5.5% | 26.1% | 54.3% of patients received therapeutic anticoagulation |
P, prospective; R, retrospective; ICU, intensive care unit; NR, not reported; LMWH, low molecular weight heparin; UFH, unfractionated heparin